Effect of Nanoparticles on Modified Screen Printed Inhibition Superoxide Dismutase Electrodes for Aluminum

Abstract

A novel amperometric biosensor for the determination of Al(III) based on the inhibition of the enzyme superoxide dismutase has been developed. The oxidation signal of epinephrine substrate was affected by the presence of Al(III) ions leading to a decrease in its amperometric current. The immobilization of the enzyme was performed with glutaraldehyde on screen-printed carbon electrodes modifiedwith tetrathiofulvalene (TTF) and different types ofnanoparticles. Nanoparticles of gold, platinum, rhodium and palladium were deposited on screen printed carbon electrodes by means of two electrochemical procedures. Nanoparticles were characterized trough scanning electronic microscopy, X-rays fluorescence, and atomic force microscopy. Palladium nanoparticles showed lower atomic force microscopy parameters and higher slope of aluminum calibration curves and were selected to perform sensor validation. The developed biosensor has a detection limit of 2.0 ± 0.2 μM for Al(III), with a reproducibility of 7.9% (n = 5). Recovery of standard reference material spiked to buffer solution was 103.8% with a relative standard deviation of 4.8% (n = 5). Recovery of tap water spiked with the standard reference material was 100.5 with a relative standard deviation of 3.4% (n = 3). The study of interfering ions has also been carried out.

Advances in nanomaterial application in enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors: a review

“…The effects of nanoparticles of various metals (gold, platinum, rhodium and palladium) on the performance of superoxide dismutase-based biosensor for determination of aluminum ions were compared. 59 The highest sensitivity was observed with PdNPs, LOD was 2 mM.…”

Quantitative Determining of Ultra-Trace Aluminum Ion in Environmental Samples by Liquid Phase Microextraction Assisted Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

“…The voltammetric response of an electroactive ligand that forms a complex with Al(III) were changed in the presence of Al(III), which provides an indirect electrochemical strategy for the determination of Al(III) [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. There also are a few biosensors developed for Al(III) [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Among these reports, the lowest detection limit was 8 pmol L −1 of Al(III), using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy [ 45 ].…”

Electrochemical detection of fentanyl using screen-printed carbon electrodes with confirmatory analysis of fentanyl and its analogs in oral fluid using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

“…62 Metal NPs are also generally low cost, 42 easy to immobilize on the surface of electrodes, and have high strength and chemical stability. 63 Several different metals have been used for the development of nanoparticle and metal modifications including gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, and palladium. 64 Other commonly encountered nanomaterials are carbon-based, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), as well as, graphene.…”