Effect of Neotyphodium Uncinatum Endophyte on Meadow Fescue Yielding, Health Status and Ergovaline Production in Host-Plants

Pańka, Dariusz; Jeske, M.; Troczyński, Mikołaj

doi:10.2478/v10045-011-0059-z

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Like other symbiotic associations, we found that plants associated with fungal endophytes showed a lower concentration of SA hormone compared to non‐symbiotic plants (see also Bastías et al., ,). Consistent with our result, other grass‐endophyte symbioses have shown a general downregulation of genes related to the SA pathway (Dupont et al., ; Johnson et al., ; but see Schmid et al., ), as well as a susceptibility to certain species of biotrophic pathogens (Krauss, Härri, Bush, Power, & Muller, ; Pańka, Jeske, & Troczyński, ; Sabzalian, Mirlohi, & Sharifnabi, ; Wäli, Helander, Nissinen, & Saikkonen, ; Welty, Barker, & Azevedo, , ). The endophyte production of specific enzymes controlling the SA pathway may be a plausible mechanism that explains the suppression of the SA pathway (Ambrose & Belanger, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Jasmonic acid regulation of the anti‐herbivory mechanism conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses

et al. 2018

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1. The most studied mechanism of protection against herbivores in grasses associated with Epichloë fungal endophytes has been the fungal production of alkaloids.However, the contribution of the plant immune response on the level of resistance to herbivores in symbiotic grasses has been poorly explored. We studied the relationship between the plant hormone, jasmonic acid (JA) and Epichloë fungal endophytes on herbivore defences in symbiotic grasses. We hypothesized that an exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), an activator of the plant JA defence response, would increase the level of resistance of endophyte-symbiotic and non-symbiotic plants to a chewing insect. As Epichloë endophytes produce alkaloids, an enhancement of the JA defence would complement the resistance given by these alkaloids. Lolium multiflorum plants symbiotic and non-symbiotic with the endophyteEpichloë occultans were subjected to an exogenous application of MeJA followed by a challenge with the generalist chewing insect Spodoptera frugiperda. We measured the level of plant resistance to chewing insects, and the defences conferred by host plants and fungal endophytes.3. Symbiotic plants were more resistant to S. frugiperda than their non-symbiotic counterparts. However, despite the fact that the concentration of JA significantly increased in all plants exposure to MeJA, neither endophyte-symbiotic nor nonsymbiotic plants showed an enhanced resistance to insects. Unexpectedly, the exposure of endophyte-symbiotic plants to MeJA led to a reduction in the concentration of loline alkaloids (i.e. N-formyllolines and N-acetylnorlolines), consequently decreasing the level of plant resistance to the herbivore. Synthesis.Our results suggest that, rather than complementing the alkaloid-based defence, the jasmonic acid hormone weakens the anti-herbivore mechanism conferred by Epichloë endophytes. The present study highlights that the interaction between the jasmonic acid hormone and the presence of leaf fungal endophytes can be of importance for the effectiveness of the anti-herbivore defences of symbiotic plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Jasmonic acid regulation of the anti‐herbivory mechanism conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses

et al. 2018

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“…To date, positive, neutral, and even negative effects have been reported. For example, Epichloë enhanced the resistance of Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne hosts to Rhizoctonia zeae ( Christensen, 1996 ; Pańka et al, 2013b ) but had no significant effects on the resistance of Festuca pratensis to Puccinia graminis or Fusarium oxysporum ( Welty et al, 1993 ; Trevathan, 1996 ; Pańka et al, 2011 ). Wäli et al (2006) even found that Lolium pratense infected by Epichloë was more sensitive than uninfected L. pratense to Typhula ishikariensis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi Activated Similar Defense Strategies of Achnatherum sibiricum Host to Different Trophic Types of Pathogens

et al. 2020

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It is well documented that Epichloë endophytes can enhance the resistance of grasses to herbivory. However, reports on resistance to pathogenic fungi are limited, and their conclusions are variable. In this study, we chose pathogenic fungi with different trophic types, namely, the biotrophic pathogen Erysiphales species and the necrotrophic pathogen Curvularia lunata, to test the effects of Epichloë on the pathogen resistance of Achnatherum sibiricum. The results showed that, compared to Erysiphales species, C. lunata caused a higher degree of damage and lower photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) in endophyte−free (E−) leaves. Endophytes significantly alleviated the damage caused by these two pathogens. The leaf damaged area and Fv/Fm of endophyte−infected (E+) leaves were similar between the two pathogen treatments, indicating that the beneficial effects of endophytes were more significant when hosts were exposed to C. lunata than when they were exposed to Erysiphales species. We found that A. sibiricum initiated jasmonic acid (JA)−related pathways to resist C. lunata but salicylic acid (SA)-related pathways to resist Erysiphales species. Endophytic fungi had no effect on the content of SA but increased the content of JA and total phenolic compounds, which suggest that endophyte infection might enhance the resistance of A. sibiricum to these two different trophic types of pathogens through similar pathways.

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“…Traditional methods of evaluating endophyte-mediated disease resistance involve in vitro detached leaf assays [42,46], in planta glasshouse trials [46][47][48], and field trials [49][50][51]. Endophyte-mediated disease resistance has been demonstrated by the use of in planta assays and field trials [42,44,[47][48][49][50][52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Metabolomic Study of Epichloë Endophytes for Screening Antifungal Metabolites

et al. 2022

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Epichloë endophytes, fungal endosymbionts of Pooidae grasses, are commonly utilized in forage and turf industries because they produce beneficial metabolites that enhance resistance against environmental stressors such as insect feeding and disease caused by phytopathogen infection. In pastoral agriculture, phytopathogenic diseases impact both pasture quality and animal production. Recently, bioactive endophyte strains have been reported to secrete compounds that significantly inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. A screen of previously described Epichloë-produced antifeedant and toxic alkaloids determined that the antifungal bioactivity observed is not due to the production of these known metabolites, and so there is a need for methods to identify new bioactive metabolites. The process described here is applicable more generally for the identification of antifungals in new endophytes. This study aims to characterize the fungicidal potential of novel, ‘animal friendly’ Epichloë endophyte strains NEA12 and NEA23 that exhibit strong antifungal activity using an in vitro assay. Bioassay-guided fractionation, followed by metabolite analysis, identified 61 metabolites that, either singly or in combination, are responsible for the observed bioactivity. Analysis of the perennial ryegrass-endophyte symbiota confirmed that NEA12 and NEA23 produce the prospective antifungal metabolites in symbiotic association and thus are candidates for compounds that promote disease resistance in planta. The “known unknown” suite of antifungal metabolites identified in this study are potential biomarkers for the selection of strains that enhance pasture and turf production through better disease control.

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Effect of Neotyphodium Uncinatum Endophyte on Meadow Fescue Yielding, Health Status and Ergovaline Production in Host-Plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Jasmonic acid regulation of the anti‐herbivory mechanism conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses

Jasmonic acid regulation of the anti‐herbivory mechanism conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses

Endophytic Fungi Activated Similar Defense Strategies of Achnatherum sibiricum Host to Different Trophic Types of Pathogens

A Metabolomic Study of Epichloë Endophytes for Screening Antifungal Metabolites

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