Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the yield and nutritive value of Beta vulgaris L.

Abstract

Leaf beet is one of several types of Beta vulgaris L. The vegetable originates from the Mediterranean area but is currently grown on a large scale in the US and Western Europe, e.g. Switzerland, Germany, France or England. In Poland, it is a less known vegetable, despite its high content of many valuable nutrients and excellent taste. One of the main factors affecting the size and quality of yield is nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen is a structural element of plants and its deficiency significantly inhibits production of new plant tissue. This element is a component of nucleic acids, nucleotides, coenzymes, chlorophyll, phytohormones and cytokinines. The aim of this study was to conduct research on the effect of varied nitrogen fertilization on yielding and chemical composition of aerial parts of leaf beet. The experiment used three doses of nitrogen (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 g N dm -3 of medium) in the form of ammonium nitrate or urea. Plants were cultivated in a greenhouse, in 4-litre pots filled with highmoor peat limed to pH of 5.6 with waste chalk. The following fertilizers were used in the experiment: ammonium nitrate -34% N, urea -46% N, monobasic potassium phosphate -23% P, 28.2% K, magnesium sulphate -15.6% Mg, and microelements. In the cultivation of leaf beet, application of 0.4 g N dm -3 NH 4 NO 3 proved to be most beneficial as it led to the highest yield of fresh mass of leaves and highest content of L-ascorbic acid, whereas application of CO(NH 2 ) 2 in the amount of 0.2 g N dm -3 of the growth medium proved to be best, as it resulted in the lowest nitrate share in the dry mass of leaves. Regardless of the type of nitrogen fertilization, growth in the total salt concentration (EC) in the medium was shown as an effect of increasing doses of the applied fertilizers. Increasing the nitrogen concentration by 100% in the growth medium in relation to the lowest dose raised the Fe and Cu content in beet leaves and depressed that of Zn and Mn irrespective of the applied nitrogen fertilization. K e y w o r d s : Beta vulgaris L., doses and forms of nitrogen, nitrates, medium, macro-, micronutrients. ODDZIA£YWANIE NAWO¯ENIA AZOTOWEGO NA PLON I WARTOOEAE OD¯YWCZ¥ BURAKA LIOECIOWEGO AbstraktBurak lioeciowy jest jednym z typów uprawnych gatunku Beta vulgaris L. Ojczyzn¹ buraka lioeciowego s¹ kraje le¿¹ce w rejonie Morza OEródziemnego. Obecnie rooelina ta jest warzywem uprawianym na szerok¹ skalê w USA, a tak¿e Europie Zachodniej: Szwajcarii, Niemczech, Francji, Anglii. W Polsce jest warzywem ma³o znanym, mimo ¿e zawiera wiele cennych sk³adników od¿ywczych i smakowych. Jednym z g³ównych czynników wp³ywaj¹cych na wielkooeae i jakooeae plonu jest nawo¿enie azotowe. Azot jest pierwiastkiem budulcowym rooelin, a jego niedobór istotnie ogranicza powstawanie nowych tkanek rooelinnych.Pierwiastek ten wchodzi w sk³ad kwasów nukleinowych, nukleotydów, koenzymów, chlorofilu, fitohormonów, cytokinin. Celem pracy by³o okreoelenie wp³ywu zró¿nicowanego na-wo¿enia azotem na plonowanie oraz sk³ad chemiczny czêoeci nadziemnych buraka lioe...

Effect of Different Combinations of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Fertilization on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Aphids in Wheat

“…Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient that promotes plant development and crop yield and quality [27][28][29][30]. Many studies have claimed that N is an essential element involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll [31], nucleic acids [32], amino acids [33], and enzymes [34], which are associated with the accumulation of plant nutrients [35,36].…”

Evaluación de espinillo como abono verde en la producción de biomasa y proteína de acelga

“…Estas diferencias se pueden explicar por el aporte de N y K al suelo generado por U. europaeus (Tabla 2). Dzida et al (2012) Por otra parte, cuando el vegetal absorbe exceso de nitratos, el valor nutritivo de la planta es menor (Dzida et al, 2012). Según Miceli y Miceli (2014) dosis de N superiores a 200 kg ha -1 se traducen en acumulación de nitratos en B. vulgaris L. var.…”

“…Al respecto, Dzida et al (2012) afirman que el principal factor que afecta al tamaño, calidad y rendimiento es la fertilización nitrogenada.…”

Effects of Vermicompost, Tithonia Green Manure and Urea on Quality of Swiss Chard (Beta Vulgaris L. Var. Cicla L.) in Kenya

“…There are varied observations from literature regarding the effect of N on the accumulation of vitamin C in plants. Some researchers have reported that increasing doses of nitrogen depressed vitamin C content (Dzida, Jarosz & Michalojc, 2012;Rajasree & Pillai, 2012;Stefanelli, Goodwin & Jones, 2010;Welch, 2016). Contrary, Miceli & Miceli (2014); Hassan, Mijin, Yuseff, Ding &Wahab (2012) andIvanovic.…”