Leaf beet is one of several types of Beta vulgaris L. The vegetable originates from the Mediterranean area but is currently grown on a large scale in the US and Western Europe, e.g. Switzerland, Germany, France or England. In Poland, it is a less known vegetable, despite its high content of many valuable nutrients and excellent taste. One of the main factors affecting the size and quality of yield is nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen is a structural element of plants and its deficiency significantly inhibits production of new plant tissue. This element is a component of nucleic acids, nucleotides, coenzymes, chlorophyll, phytohormones and cytokinines. The aim of this study was to conduct research on the effect of varied nitrogen fertilization on yielding and chemical composition of aerial parts of leaf beet. The experiment used three doses of nitrogen (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 g N dm -3 of medium) in the form of ammonium nitrate or urea. Plants were cultivated in a greenhouse, in 4-litre pots filled with highmoor peat limed to pH of 5.6 with waste chalk. The following fertilizers were used in the experiment: ammonium nitrate -34% N, urea -46% N, monobasic potassium phosphate -23% P, 28.2% K, magnesium sulphate -15.6% Mg, and microelements. In the cultivation of leaf beet, application of 0.4 g N dm -3 NH 4 NO 3 proved to be most beneficial as it led to the highest yield of fresh mass of leaves and highest content of L-ascorbic acid, whereas application of CO(NH 2 ) 2 in the amount of 0.2 g N dm -3 of the growth medium proved to be best, as it resulted in the lowest nitrate share in the dry mass of leaves. Regardless of the type of nitrogen fertilization, growth in the total salt concentration (EC) in the medium was shown as an effect of increasing doses of the applied fertilizers. Increasing the nitrogen concentration by 100% in the growth medium in relation to the lowest dose raised the Fe and Cu content in beet leaves and depressed that of Zn and Mn irrespective of the applied nitrogen fertilization. K e y w o r d s : Beta vulgaris L., doses and forms of nitrogen, nitrates, medium, macro-, micronutrients. ODDZIA£YWANIE NAWO¯ENIA AZOTOWEGO NA PLON I WARTOOEAE OD¯YWCZ¥ BURAKA LIOECIOWEGO AbstraktBurak lioeciowy jest jednym z typów uprawnych gatunku Beta vulgaris L. Ojczyzn¹ buraka lioeciowego s¹ kraje le¿¹ce w rejonie Morza OEródziemnego. Obecnie rooelina ta jest warzywem uprawianym na szerok¹ skalê w USA, a tak¿e Europie Zachodniej: Szwajcarii, Niemczech, Francji, Anglii. W Polsce jest warzywem ma³o znanym, mimo ¿e zawiera wiele cennych sk³adników od¿ywczych i smakowych. Jednym z g³ównych czynników wp³ywaj¹cych na wielkooeae i jakooeae plonu jest nawo¿enie azotowe. Azot jest pierwiastkiem budulcowym rooelin, a jego niedobór istotnie ogranicza powstawanie nowych tkanek rooelinnych.Pierwiastek ten wchodzi w sk³ad kwasów nukleinowych, nukleotydów, koenzymów, chlorofilu, fitohormonów, cytokinin. Celem pracy by³o okreoelenie wp³ywu zró¿nicowanego na-wo¿enia azotem na plonowanie oraz sk³ad chemiczny czêoeci nadziemnych buraka lioe...
In the cultivation of herbal plants, besides the size of the crop, the quality of obtained raw material is extremely important, which is proven not only by the appearance and taste, but also biological value. Factors that affect these parameters include plant nutrition. The main nutrient affecting the correct course of metabolic processes in a plant is potassium. To obtain high yield in terms of quantity and quality, the nutritional requirements of plants must be met. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of potassium nutrition on the quality of basil herb. The experiment was established in a two-factor scheme, in which the factors were: potassium dose (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g K·dm–3) and the type of potassium fertilizer (KCl, K2SO4, KCl + K2SO4). The yield of basil plants was influenced by the dose and type of potassium fertilizers used (0.5 g K·dm–3 – 92.5; 1.0 g K – 67.3; 1.5 g K – 69.75 g·plant–1). The highest content of L-ascorbic acid was found in basil plants fed with the average potassium dose (65.9 mg·100 g–1 FW). The least nitrates (V) were contained in basil fertilized with KCl in the highest dose of K (63 mg·100 g–1 FW). No effect of the dose and type of potassium fertilizer on the content of phosphorus and sulfur in the plant material, was recorded. The content of Ca and Mg was influenced by both the potassium dose and the type of potassium fertilizer. The most of these components was revealed by plants fed with KCl, and with the increase of the dose, the content of both these mineral components decreased. Chlorine content in the herb increased with the applied potassium dose, the effect on the concentration of chlorine in the plant material was exerted by the type of potassium fertilizer applied – the highest concentration of this element was recorded. The content of macroelements in the substrate from basil cultivation was influenced by the dose and type of potassium fertilizers used. The best quality parameters of basil were obtained after application of 1.0 g K·dm–3 substrate in the form of KCl + K2SO4.
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