Effect of nitrogen levels and nitrogen ratios on lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Lodging is one of the constraints that limit wheat yields and quality due to the unexpected bending or breaking stems on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production worldwide. In addition to choosing lodging resistance varieties, husbandry practices also have a significant effect on lodging. Nitrogen management is one of the most common and efficient methods. A field experiment with Yangmai 20 as research material (a widely-used variety) was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen levels and ratios on culm morphological, anatomical characters and chemical components and to explore the nitrogen application techniques for lodging tolerance and high yield. Results showed that some index of basal internodes, such as stem wall thickness, filling degree, lignin content, cellulose content, water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and WSC/N ratio, were positively and significantly correlated with culm lodging-resistant index (CLRI). As the increase of nitrogen level and basal nitrogen ratio, the basal internodes became slender and fragile with the thick stem wall, while filling degree, chemical components and the strength of the stem decreased gradually, which significantly increased the lodging risk. The response of grain yield to nitrogen doses was quadratic and grain yield reached the highest at the nitrogen ratio of 50%:10%:20%:20% (the ratio of nitrogen amount applied before sowing, at tillering stage, jointing stage and booting stage respectively, abbreviated as 5:1:2:2). These results suggested that for Yangmai 20, the planting density of 180×104ha-1, nitrogen level of 225 kg ha-1, and the ratio of 5: 1: 2: 2 effectively increased lodging resistance and grain yield. This combination of planting density and nitrogen level and ratio could effectively relieve the contradiction between high-yielding and anti-lodging.

Screening of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Lodging Tolerance Using Morpho-Physiological Traits

“…The stem strength also indicated positive correlations with chain weight, LRFI, grain yield, grain weight and harvest index. The results obtained are in conformity with Zhang et al, 2017. The second-internodal length of dwarf genotypes was significantly lower than the tall genotypes at all the growth stages.…”

“…Plant height has been the main target for the improvement of lodging resistance. Plant breeders have reduced lodging risk by introducing dwarfing genes to decrease plant height which is negatively correlating with lodging resistance, but the reduction in plant height to improve lodging resistance could reduce the photosynthetic capacity resulting reduction of yield (Zhang et al, 2017). What has not been achieved is good lodging resistance in all short spring wheats, nor a complete understanding of its physiological basis.…”

Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Use Efficiency and Yield of Wheat in Inner Terai Condition of Nepal

“…Arduini et al, (2006) reported the application of N improves the grain size and grain N content. Zhang et al,(2017)the observed in uence of N fertilizer was highly signi cant on grain yield and TGW.…”

Application of fertilizer megafol and retardants of acylcyclohexadione class on winter wheat crops

“…Відомо [1,2], що саме показники фотосинтетичної діяльності часто корелюють із зерновою продуктивністю рослин. На рівень накопичення фотосинтетичних пігментів впливає також живлення посівів, у тому числі й добривами у разі їх позакореневого застосування [2,9,22,28]. Однак дані щодо фізіологічної взаємодії сучасних ретардантів у композиціях із добривами за позакореневого застосування обмежені.…”