Effect of norharman on the mutagenicity of toluidine metabolites

Gupta, Raveena; Kaur, Indu Pal; Gupta, Anumita; Pathak, Devender; Juneja, T.R.

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(89)90188-4

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Norharman contributes to PM 2.5 as a secondary source of β-carboline in the atmosphere while also serving as a light-absorbing substance . Ongoing research aims to comprehend its sources and as well as its potential mutagenic and carcinogenic risks. , This underscores the necessity for more in-depth investigations into the toxicity and long-term effects to conduct a comprehensive assessment. The diurnal variation of norharman appeared to be pronounced, with its highest levels observed at approximately midnight, possibly implying its association with nighttime chemistry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Molecular Characteristics, Origins, and Formation Mechanism of Reduced Nitrogen Organic Compounds in the Urban Atmosphere of Shanghai Using a Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System

Abudumutailifu,

Shang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Reduced nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in aerosols play a crucial role in altering their light-absorption properties, thereby impacting regional haze and climate. Due to the low concentration levels of individual NOCs in the air, the utilization of accurate detection and quantification technologies becomes essential. For the first time, this study investigated the diurnal variation, chemical characteristics, and potential formation pathways of NOCs in urban ambient aerosols in Shanghai using a versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) coupled with HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The results showed that NOCs accounted over 60% of identified components of urban organic aerosols, with O/N < 3 compounds being the major contributors (>70%). The predominance of the positive ionization mode suggested the prevalence of reduced NOCs. Higher relative intensities and number fractions of NOCs were observed during nighttime, while CHO compounds showed an opposite trend. Notably, a positive correlation between the intensity of NOCs and ammonium during the nighttime was observed, suggesting that the reaction of ammonium to form imines may be a potential pathway for the formation of reduced NOCs during the nighttime. Seven prevalent types of reduced NOCs in autumn and winter were identified and characterized by an enrichment of CH2 long-chain homologues. These NOCs included alkyl, cyclic, and aromatic amides in CHON compounds, as well as heterocyclic or cyclic amines and aniline homologue series in CHN compounds, which were associated with anthropogenic activities and may be capable of forming light-absorbing chromophores or posing harm to human health. The findings highlight the significant contributions of both primary emissions and ammonium chemistry, particularly amination processes, to the pollution of reduced NOCs in Shanghai’s atmosphere.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Molecular Characteristics, Origins, and Formation Mechanism of Reduced Nitrogen Organic Compounds in the Urban Atmosphere of Shanghai Using a Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System

Abudumutailifu,

Shang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…N-Hydroxy-ortho-toluidine and ortho-nitrosotoluene were potent frameshift mutagens in S. typhimurium TA98 in the presence of the co-mutagen norharman and S9 (Gupta et al 1989).…”

Section: Genotoxic Effects Of Ortho-toluidine Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several studies investigated the co-mutagenic activity of norharman and ortho-toluidine (Appendix F, Table F-2). Norharman is found in cigarette smoke, coffee, alcoholic beverages, cooked meat and fish (formed as a pyrolysis product of tryptophan), and human urine (Gupta et al 1989;Hada et al 2001;Mori et al 1996;Nishigaki et al 2007;Oda et al 2006). Norharman is non-mutagenic when administered alone but is co-mutagenic when administered with nonmutagenic or weakly mutagenic aromatic amines in the presence of S9.…”

Section: Bacterial Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report on Carcinogens Monograph on ortho-Toluidine

2014

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“…Such a method allows the control over particle size and morphology by adjusting the composition of the microemulsion and the type of surfactant [18,20,21]. Moreover, most of literature studies have focused on the geno-toxicity of o-toluidine and its co-mutagenic action with -carboline [22]. Its degradation intermediates produced are instead scantly investigated [23], although they might represent highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds themselves.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%