Effect of oil and oil dispersant mixtures on the basal metabolic rate of ducks

Lambert, G.; Peakall, David B.; Philogène, Bernard J. R.; Engelhardt, F. R.

doi:10.1007/bf01669614

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The SW and WTS scores increased significantly after exposure, and birds experienced complete loss of buoyancy; intervention in the rinse pool was deemed necessary to prevent drowning. Lambert et al (1982) described similar findings in mallards exposed to Corexit 9527 alone. Second, loss of waterproofing in dispersant-exposed groups was distinctly improved after 1 day.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…These findings suggest that chemical dispersant does not notably alter the impact of oil exposure on waterproofing, nor does it improve the likelihood of recovering functional waterproofing after exposure, and thus findings are comparable to those few in the literature. Lambert et al (1982) measured the basal metabolic rate of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) experimentally exposed to OIL, DISP, or MIX and found basal metabolic rates of oil-and oil and dispersantexposed mallards did not differ, but both increased significantly relative to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although use of dispersant has a theoretic net benefit to seabirds, there are few data with which to evaluate risks. Lambert et al (1982) and Jensen and Ecker (1991) documented increased basal metabolic rate and increased heat loss in birds experimentally exposed to oil and dispersant mixtures compared to controls; however, effects on plumage structure, differences in survival between oil and dispersant exposure, and change in effects over time were not explored. The lack of information was highlighted in a 1989 report by the NRC (1989), which called for research into the effects of dispersant and dispersed oil on water repellency of seabirds in realistic exposure conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICALLY DISPERSED OIL ON FEATHER STRUCTURE AND WATERPROOFING IN COMMON MURRES (URIA AALGE)

Whitmer¹,

Elias²,

Harvey³

et al. 2018

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Following an oil spill in the marine environment, chemical dispersants, which increase oil droplet formation and distribution into the water column, are assumed to provide a net benefit to seabirds by reducing the risk of exposure to oil on the water surface. However, few data are available regarding acute, external impacts of exposure to dispersed oil. We evaluated the effects of known concentrations of dispersant and crude oil in artificial seawater on live Common Murres ( Uria aalge). Waterproofing and microscopic feather geometry were evaluated over time and compared to pre-exposure values. Birds exposed to a high concentration of dispersant experienced an immediate, life-threatening loss of waterproofing and buoyancy, both of which resolved within 2 d. Birds exposed to oil, or a dispersant and oil mixture, experienced dose-dependent waterproofing impairment without resolution over 2 d. Alterations in feather geometry were observed in oil-exposed or dispersant- and oil-exposed birds and were associated with increased odds of waterproofing impairment compared to control birds. At a given contaminant concentration, there were no significant differences in waterproofing between oil-exposed and dispersant- and oil-exposed birds. We found that acute, external effects of oil and dispersed oil exposure are comparable and dose-dependent. Our results also indicate that a zero-risk assumption should not be used when seabirds are present within the dispersant application zone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICALLY DISPERSED OIL ON FEATHER STRUCTURE AND WATERPROOFING IN COMMON MURRES (URIA AALGE)

Whitmer¹,

Elias²,

Harvey³

et al. 2018

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Petroleum hydrocarbons have been found in the crops ofboth Leach's and Fork-tailed storm-petrels (Oceanodromafurcata) collected in the Gulf of Alaska (Boersma, cited in Holmes 1984). Previous studies (Hartung 1967, Lambert et al 1982) have shown that external oiling increases metabolic rate presumably to compensate for increased heat loss. Our metabolic experiment using the doubly labeled water technique suggests that internal exposure to small amounts of oil (ingested when birds preen fouled plumage, or when they consume contaminated food) may also temporarily increase adult metabolic rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Crude Oil Exposure on Standard Metabolic Rate of Leach's Storm-Petrel

Butler

Peakall²,

Leighton

et al. 1986

The Condor

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“…water depth and mixing energy for the application to be effective, but also knowledge about impacts from the chemicals itself is needed. From laboratory experiments where living Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were exposed to dispersants on a water surface it was found that the birds swimming in these dispersants "sank to a much lower level than normal" and that "the birds could not shake or preen the water off their plumage as usual" (Lambert et al 1982). Other studies, also including dispersants, showed enhanced effect of plumage contamination seen from oil/dispersant mixtures exposure (Jenssen and Ekker 1991) and the reason for this is suggested to be a result of the surfactants (a substantial amount of the dispersants) binding to the hydrophobic waxes in the plumage thereby more easily adhere to the feather structure (Jenssen 1994).…”

Section: Please Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oil and oil burn residues on seabird feathers

Fritt-Rasmussen

Linnebjerg

Sørensen

et al. 2016

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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It is well known, that in case of oil spill, seabirds are among the groups of animals most vulnerable. Even small amounts of oil can have lethal effects by destroying the waterproofing of their plumage, leading to loss of insulation and buoyancy. In the Arctic these impacts are intensified. To protect seabirds, a rapid removal of oil is crucial and in situ burning could be an efficient method. In the present work exposure effects of oil and burn residue in different doses was studied on seabird feathers from legally hunted Common eider (Somateria mollissima) by examining changes in total weight of the feather and damages on the microstructure (Amalgamation Index) of the feathers before and after exposure. The results of the experiments indicate that burn residues from in situ burning of an oil spill have similar or larger fouling and damaging effects on seabird feathers, as compared to fresh oil.

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Effect of oil and oil dispersant mixtures on the basal metabolic rate of ducks

Cited by 42 publications

References 2 publications

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICALLY DISPERSED OIL ON FEATHER STRUCTURE AND WATERPROOFING IN COMMON MURRES (URIA AALGE)

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICALLY DISPERSED OIL ON FEATHER STRUCTURE AND WATERPROOFING IN COMMON MURRES (URIA AALGE)

Effects of Crude Oil Exposure on Standard Metabolic Rate of Leach's Storm-Petrel

Effects of oil and oil burn residues on seabird feathers

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