Effect of oleyl amine on SBR compounds filled with silane modified silica

Abstract

The effect of oleyl amine on processing and physical properties of SBR compounds filled with silanesilica particles has been evaluated. Two different types of silane molecules have been used as coupling agents to minimize the silica-silica interactions and reduce the formation of secondary structures of silica, in addition with an increment in the filler-rubber interactions. Significant differences between those compounds have been found according with the silane structure. However, in both cases, the dynamic, rheological, and mechanical properties of the filled rubber compounds were improved after the incorporation of oleyl amine molecules. This fact could be related with the capacity of the amine molecules to interact with the free silanol groups of silane-modified silica forming an amine-modified silica complex, which reduces the hydrophilic nature of the silica surface.

Effect of polyethylene glycol on the properties of styrene‐butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites filled with silica and carbon black

“…These interactions reduce the dispersion of silica within the rubber matrix and cause the adsorption of polar accelerators on the surface of silica. Therefore, some accelerators do not participate in the crosslinking reaction, and the degree of crosslinking is reduced for the rubber/silica compounds 16–19. Therefore, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; HO(CH 2 CH 2 O) n H) has widely been used to prevent the loss of the accelerators due to polar groups in silica, which improves the silica dispersion 17, 21.…”

Effect of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane and N,N‐ dimethyldodecylamine as modifiers of Na+‐montmorillonite on SBR/organoclay nanocomposites

“…The scorch time and optimal vulcanization time of the UA‐2 compound become faster than the UA‐1 compound through the addition of TESPT. The vulcanization rate increased as the tetrasulfide group of TESPT participates in the crosslink of SBR 4. The UA‐3 compound with APTES had the slowest scorch time and optimal vulcanization time because the ethoxy group of APTES transformed into the hydroxyl group through the hydrolysis reaction in water.…”

“…The maximum torque and the delta torque of the UA‐2 compound increased by 15.6 and 17.2%, respectively, compared to the pure SBR compound. The crosslinking increased because the tetrasulfide group of TESPT was involved in the vulcanization process 4. The maximum torque and delta torque of the UA‐5 compound with DDA increased by 1.1 and 3.5%, respectively, compared to the UA‐4 compound with APTES.…”

“…Most nonpolar rubbers, such as natural rubber (NR), butadiene rubber (BR), and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) are widely used for commercial products and show a high compatibility with hydrophobic reinforcing fillers such as carbon black, etc 1, 2. However, silica or layered silicates do not evenly distribute into the nonpolar rubber matrix and do not exhibit a sufficient reinforcing effect with the filler itself because the interaction between the hydrophobic rubber matrix and the hydrophilic filler is weak 3‐8. Montmorillonite (MMT) is the most commonly used clay, and the structure of MMT consists of one octahedral aluminum sheet sandwiched between two tetrahedral sheet in a layered asssembly 9.…”

Compatibilization of silica-filled natural rubber compounds by combined effects of functionalized low molecular weight rubber and silane

“…This reaction can occur via direct condensation or hydrolysis prior to condensation. 18,19 The results in Figure 6 demonstrate that as far as the chemically BdR is concerned, the effect of TESPT alone is only slightly better than the TESPT-ELMWNR combinations. Finally, the tetrasulfane group of TESPT may split under heat to react with the rubber chains forming covalent bonds meant to happen primarily during the vulcanization process.…”