Effect of One Day of Sensory Deprivation on a Battery of Open-Ended Cognitive Tests

Oleson, David S.; Zubek, John P.

doi:10.2466/pms.1970.31.3.919

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition to its use in evaluating the patient’s state and diagnosis, sensory stimulation has been also proposed as an intervention strategy to enhance the patient’s engagement with the immediate environment and to increase her/his consciousness level ( Canedo et al, 2002 ). The background tenets for supporting stimulation initiatives include (a) the general fear that sensory deprivation connected with the virtual isolation of the person after severe brain injury may have additional negative effects on her/his condition ( Oleson and Zubek, 1970 ) and (b) the view that the plasticity of the central nervous system could definitely benefit from a rich stimulation regimen ( Canedo et al, 2002 ; Lombardi et al, 2002 ; Elliott and Walker, 2005 ). The use of sensory stimulation for DOC patients has gained popularity during the 1980s, but beliefs and opinions about its effectiveness vary substantially among health professionals.…”

Section: Using Stimulation To Evaluate and Restore Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the use of personally relevant stimuli for investigating patients with disorders of consciousness

et al. 2015

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Sensory stimuli are used to evaluate and to restore cognitive functions and consciousness in patients with a disorder of consciousness (DOC) following a severe brain injury. Although sophisticated protocols can help assessing higher order cognitive functions and awareness, one major drawback is their lack of sensitivity. The aim of the present review is to show that stimulus selection is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the state of patients with disorders of consciousness as it determines the levels of processing that the patient can have with stimulation from his/her environment. The probability to observe a behavioral response or a cerebral response is increased when her/his personal history and/or her/his personal preferences are taken into account. We show that personally relevant stimuli (i.e., with emotional, autobiographical, or self-related characteristics) are associated with clearer signs of perception than are irrelevant stimuli in patients with DOC. Among personally relevant stimuli, music appears to be a promising clinical tool as it boosts perception and cognition in patients with DOC and could also serve as a prognostic tool. We suggest that the effect of music on cerebral processes in patients might reflect the music’s capacity to act both on the external and internal neural networks supporting consciousness.

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Section: Using Stimulation To Evaluate and Restore Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the use of personally relevant stimuli for investigating patients with disorders of consciousness

et al. 2015

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“…It is suggested that the length of the test battery, a neglected variable in sensory deprivation research, may be a crucial factor; the administration of tests, by disrupting the deprivation situation, diminishes the very effect it is designed to measure. Oleson and Zubek (1970) found that one day of sensory deprivation decreased associational fluency but did not affect performance on nine other tests of creative thinking (Guilford, 1964). The authors mention three explanations for this non-replication of the more usual finding that there are decrements on unstructured cognitive tasks after sensory deprivation (reviewed in Suedfeld, 1969a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…

Oleson and Zubek ( 1970) found that sensory deprivation for 24 hr. did not produce significant deterioration in creative thinking and offered several possible explanations for this datum.

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mentioning

confidence: 97%

Evanescence of Sensory Deprivation Effects: A Comment on Oleson and Zubek's “Effect of One Day of Sensory Deprivation …”

Suedfeld

1971

Percept Mot Skills

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Oleson and Zubek ( 1970) found that sensory deprivation for 24 hr. did not produce significant deterioration in creative thinking and offered several possible explanations for this datum. It is suggested that the length of the test battery, a neglected variable in sensory deprivation research, may be a crucial factor; the administration of tests, by disrupting the deprivation situation, diminishes the very effect it is designed to measure. Oleson and Zubek (1970) found that one day of sensory deprivation decreased associational fluency but did not affect performance on nine other tests of creative thinking (Guilford, 1964). The authors mention three explanations for this non-replication of the more usual finding that there are decrements on unstructured cognitive tasks after sensory deprivation (reviewed in Suedfeld, 1969a). These explanations were based respectively on the length of the test battery (about 1 hr.) , the necessity for written rather than oral responses, and the fact that the tests were more structured than "a story-telling task in which the response measure was the total number of words spoken" (Oleson & Zubek, 1970, p. 922). The last two of these explanations were held to be most probably valid, since oral responses-andparticularly, completely open-ended oral responses-have frequently shown impairment in past studies.However, there are some objections to this interpretation. First, Guilford's creativity battery certainly appears to be unstructured enough to show the sensory-deprivation-caused decrements which the Yerkes-Dodson Law would posit on complex tasks (see Suedfeld, 1969aSuedfeld, , 1969b. Such decrements have been obtained on measures other than word coimt, e.g., integration of externally provided elements into a story (Suedfeld, 1968) and a Guilford-type Uses Test (Suedfeld & Landon, 1970). The oral-written contrast is more clear-cut but is confounded with disruption of the sensory deprivation situation.This brings us to one more (either alternative or contributing) factor: Oleson and Zubek's tests may have failed to find greater changes because sensory deprivation effects were dispelled by the length and nature of the testing procedure itself. Several sources of stimulation were operating on S for about an hour: light in the chamber, the instractions and materials of the tests, sitting up, and feedback from the writing of responses. Oleson and Zubek feel that battery length is probably unimportant; but it is quite likely that the cognitive effects of 'The preparation of this paper was supported by a granr from the Rutgers University Research Council.

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“…According to the literature using this test certain kinds of memory deficits, i.e. those connected with sensory deprivation (Oleson and Zubek 1970) and senile dementia (Weingartner et al 1981) but also sex-related differences (Olive 1972) can be detected.…”

Section: Intensity Of Attention (Symbol Cancellation Test)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of D-Met2, Pro5-enkephalinamide on pain tolerance and some cognitive functions in man

Székely¹,

Török²,

Karczag

et al. 1986

Psychopharmacology

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The effects of D-Met2, Pro5-enkephalinamide (EA) on pain tolerance and some cognitive functions have been examined in healthy male volunteers. Dihydrocodeine (DC) was used as reference substance. Applying the submaximum effort tourniquet technique EA (10 mg SC) was found to elevate the pain threshold similarly to DC (20 mg SC). Neither DC nor EA impaired the performance in the symbol cancellation test, which quantitates the intensity of attention. In this assay rather a slight improvement was detected. in addition the short-term memory performance (Wechsler test) was also improved by EA and DC. No alteration was seen in the word fluency test, an indicator of long-term (semantic) memory. The data show that EA not only improves pain tolerance but some of its mental effects are similar to those of a classical morphine congener DC.

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Effect of One Day of Sensory Deprivation on a Battery of Open-Ended Cognitive Tests

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Promoting the use of personally relevant stimuli for investigating patients with disorders of consciousness

Promoting the use of personally relevant stimuli for investigating patients with disorders of consciousness

Evanescence of Sensory Deprivation Effects: A Comment on Oleson and Zubek's “Effect of One Day of Sensory Deprivation …”

Effects of D-Met2, Pro5-enkephalinamide on pain tolerance and some cognitive functions in man

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