Effect of Oral Administration of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens MDT-1 on Experimental Enterocolitis in Mice

Abstract

Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens MDT-1, a butyrate-producing strain, was evaluated for use as a probiotic to prevent enterocolitis. Oral administration of the MDT-1 strain (10 9 CFU/dose) alleviated the symptoms of colitis (including body weight loss, diarrhea, bloody stool, organic disorder, and mucosal damage) that are induced in mice drinking water that contains 3.0% dextran sulfate sodium. In addition, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity levels in colonic tissue were reduced, suggesting that MDT-1 mitigates bowel inflammation. The addition of MDT-1 culture supernatant inhibited the growth of nine clinical isolates of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli that could potentially cause enterocolitis. Infection of mice with C. coli 11580-3, one of the isolates inhibited by MDT-1 in vitro, resulted in diarrhea, mucosal damage, increased MPO activity levels in colonic tissue, increased numbers of C. coli in the cecum, and decreased body weight gain. However, administration of MDT-1 to mice, prior to and during C. coli infection, reduced these effects. These results suggest that Campylobacter-induced enterocolitis can be alleviated by using B. fibrisolvens as a probiotic.Since butyrate produced by intestinal microbiota has been implicated in protection against colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (16), augmentation of butyrate production in the intestine is desirable for the maintenance of colonic health in humans and animals. We reported previously that oral administration of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens MDT-1 (a butyrate-producing strain newly isolated from the rumen) to mice increased the rate of butyrate production by fecal microbiota and alleviated the formation of colorectal aberrant crypt foci (30). In this study, our aim was to investigate using the MDT-1 strain to alleviate the symptoms of enterocolitis, including IBD.Enterocolitis occurs frequently in humans and animals, but the pathogenesis of IBDs, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, remains unknown. Although corticosteroids and sulfasalazine are currently used commonly for the treatment of patients with IBD, the utility of these agents is limited by their adverse effects (35). In the search for new therapies for IBD, it has been reported that oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum (23), Streptococcus salivarius (39), Escherichia coli Nissle strain 1917 (25, 33), Bifidobacterium longum (15), Lactobacillus casei Shirota (26), VSL-3 (6), and some bioactive substances (19) partially suppressed IBD.IBD can be experimentally induced by administering dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) orally in mice (11, 32), rats (37), hamsters (40), or guinea pigs (21). DSS can produce both acute and chronic ulcerative colitis, with features somewhat similar to the symptomatic and histological findings for colitis in humans (11,32). The pathogenesis of DSS-induced colitis is presently unclear, but toxic effects on colonic epithelium (12, 32), alterations of luminal bacterial flora (32, 40), and activation of macrophage inflammatory responses (31, 32) hav...

Modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation of metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice

“…Meanwhile, those key phylotypes that were positively correlated with MS phenotypes may consist of potentially harmful bacteria, and they were, for the most part (26 out of the 34), decreased. For example, the probiotic strains enriched one or more key phylotypes of Bifidobacterium , Olsenella , Barnesiella , Allobaculum and Butyrivibrio that were previously associated with alleviated MS or were shown to prevent dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammation ( Ohkawara et al , 2006 ; Zhang et al , 2010 , 2012b ; Le Roy et al , 2012 ). Conversely, probiotic treatment reduced key phylotypes within Desulfovibrionaceae , Oscillibacter and Clostridium XIVa that were implicated in the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders ( Zhang et al , 2010 ; Lam et al , 2012 ) or include pro-inflammatory bacterial species ( Tuovinen et al , 2013 ).…”

Culture-independent identification of gut bacteria correlated with the onset of diabetes in a rat model

“…Of those, 18 genera showed higher abundance in one rat genotype versus the other. Of the nine genera with higher abundance in BB-DR, three genera, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Pseudobutyrivibrio , have representatives with known probiotic activity (Silva et al , 1987; Vandenbergh 1993; Jack et al , 1995; Bernet-Camard et al , 1997; Lorca et al , 2001; Reid et al , 2003; Leahy et al , 2005; Ohkawara et al , 2005; Fukuda et al , 2006; Ohkawara et al , 2006; Salminen et al , 2006; Čepeljnik et al , 2003, 2007). These observations from pyrosequencing were verified by qPCR of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus .…”

Strain-specific probiotic (Lactobacillus helveticus) inhibition ofCampylobacter jejuni invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells

“…Other studies document a protective effect for probiotic strains on animals infected with campylobacters. For example, administration of the butyrate-producing Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, strain MDT-1 to mice both before and throughout the course of infection with C. coli reduces enterocolitis and weight loss (Ohkawara et al, 2006). Two studies have reported the efficacy of mixed probiotics preparations in inhibiting both pathogen shedding and colonization of C. jejuni in 1-day-old chicks (Morishita et al, 1997;Willis & Reid, 2008) and another study describes a reduction in C. jejuni colonization of immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice with combination probiotic therapy (Wagner et al, 2009).…”