Effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on dry eye disease patients with vitamin D deficiency

Eslampoor, Alireza; Najjaran, Marzieh; Askari, Ehsan Arjmand; Zarei‐Ghanavati, Siamak; Ziaei, Mohammed

doi:10.1080/08164622.2022.2033601

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the present study, mean age of patients was comparable to already published research where the mean age was 36.8±8.56 years in cases and 34.8±10.13 years in control group. 21 This study was conducted on 108 subjects however reference study included 100 participants. Both studies were clinical trials with difference in time of supplementation dosage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vitamin D3 Supplementation in the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Kanwal,

Kiran,

Muhammad Junaid Iqbal

et al. 2024

pak J Ophthalmol

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of vitamin D3 supplementation in treating non-Sjogren dry eye (NSDE) patients compared to the conventional treatment with artificial tears. Study Design: Non-randomized controlled Trial. Place and duration of study: Rural Health Centre (RHC) Buchaal Kalan from September 2021 to July 2022 Methods: This study allocated 108 patients with NSDE and hypovitaminosis D via two-arm parallel assignment. The sample was divided into two groups by non-probability purposive sampling. Group 1 received conventional treatment as artificial tears 4 times/day and group 2 was given oral vitamin D3 supplementation of 6000 IU daily along with artificial tears for a period of 90 days. The impact of oral vitamin D3 supplementation on NSDE was assessed by comparing means of ocular parameters of both groups over time. Tear break-up time (TBUT) in seconds and Schirmer’s test (ST) score in millimeters were primary outcome measures. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score and numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) were secondary outcome measures. Results: The mean age of patients in group 1 and group 2 was 34.98±8.64 and 34.87±8.79 respectively. Similarly, the mean serum 25 (OH) D level was 15.03±3.27 in group 1 and 14.93±3.26 in group 2. Results showed that OSDI and NPRS scores were decreased in both groups, however, TBUT and ST scores were improved in group 2. Conclusion: Oral vitamin D3 supplementation may serve as a new treatment option for NSDE patients having hypovitaminosis D.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vitamin D3 Supplementation in the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Kanwal,

Kiran,

Muhammad Junaid Iqbal

et al. 2024

pak J Ophthalmol

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“…Contrary to the scarcity of studies using vitamin D in the topical drop form, multiple studies have investigated the effect of systemic vitamin D on DED. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] A recent metaanalysis including 14 observational studies concluded that patients with DED had significantly lower levels of serum vitamin D; however, this level showed a significant correlation with OSDI among evaluated dry eye parameters. 36 Moreover, several clinical studies revealed that oral supplementation of vitamin D improved the OSDI score, enhanced the effect of topical treatment, and improved TBUT, Schirmer I, and corneal fluorescein staining in patients with DED.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 Moreover, several clinical studies revealed that oral supplementation of vitamin D improved the OSDI score, enhanced the effect of topical treatment, and improved TBUT, Schirmer I, and corneal fluorescein staining in patients with DED. 29,31,33,34 Vitamin D is a member of the steroid nuclear hormone superfamily that directly or indirectly regulates a large number of human genomes through vitamin D receptors. It has proven antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety and Efficacy of Topical Vitamin D in the Management of Dry Eye Disease Associated With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Hassanpour,

Langari,

Akbarzadeh

et al. 2023

Cornea

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of topical vitamin D in the management of dry eye disease associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, patients with symptomatic MGD were divided into 2 groups to receive topical vitamin D drops or placebo in their randomized eyes. The exclusion criteria consisted of patients with vitamin D deficiency, previous ocular surgery, and patients with ocular diseases affecting the tear film. Patients and researchers were masked to the study groups. The outcomes included the score of Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ) 5 and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), corneal and conjunctival staining score, tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer, and MG expressibility score evaluated at baseline and weeks 4 and 8. Results: Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients were recruited in each group. In addition to the improvement of subjective parameters in both groups, there was a statistically significantly greater improvement in the vitamin D group compared with control for average scores of OSDI (13.38 ± 7.32 vs. 27.94 ± 7.49) and DEQ5 (9.67 ± 1.86 vs. 14.14 ± 2.45) at week 8 (Ps <0.001). In addition, a significant improvement in TBUT and Schirmer test was observed in both groups in weeks 4 and 8 (P value <0.05). There was a significant difference between the treatment and control groups after 8 weeks for OSDI, DEQ5, Schirmer, TBUT, corneal fluorescein staining, and MG expressibility score (P value <0.05). Conclusions: The preliminary results of this randomized controlled trial suggested that use of topical vitamin D drops with a lipid vehicle could be safe and might significantly improve the symptoms and signs of dry eye associated with MGD.

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“…[ 10 ] Vitamin D enters the eye via circulation or through UVB induced synthesis and its action is mediated by Vitamin D receptor, which has been found in most tissues and cells in human body, including corneal epithelial cells. [ 27 ] Tear hyperosmolarity is considered to be induced by ocular surface inflammation and is one of the main causes of discomfort in dry eye patients. [ 6 ] Improvement in tear hyperosmolarity has been reported in Vitamin D deficient study subjects 8 weeks after administration of Vitamin D.[ 28 ] In another convincing study, the authors concluded that Vitamin D supplementation resulted in earlier and significant improvement in DED parameters in patients with VDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Vitamin D Levels and Dry Eye Disease in Postmenopausal Women: A Case–Control Study at a Tertiary Care Center in Rural Haryana

Malik,

Garg,

Sethi

et al. 2023

International Journal of Applied &Amp; Basic Medical Research

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Background: Despite the high prevalence of Vitamin-D insufficiency and high susceptibility to dry eye disease (DED) in postmenopausal women (PMW), correlation between DED and Vitamin D has not been explored in PMW in any Indian study. Aims and Objectives: To explore the correlation between serum Vitamin D levels in PMW with and without DED, in a hospital-based population in rural Haryana. Materials and Methods: Subjective (ocular surface disease index [OSDI] questionnaire) and objective clinical tests were undertaken for DED diagnosis. 25(OH) Vitamin D was measured in serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; insufficient (10–30 ng/ml) and deficient (<10 ng/ml). Descriptive statistics were analyzed by mean ± standard deviation for continuous and frequencies for the categorical variables; Student’s t-test used to find out mean difference in Vitamin D levels; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred and forty PMW (60.1 ± 5.32 years) were included; Group-A (Controls; no DED; n: 70); Group-B (Cases; DED diagnosed by OSDI scores; n: 70); Subgroup-B1 (clinical tests negative; n: 30) and B2 (clinical tests positive; n: 40). There was no statistically significant difference in OSDI scores between B1 and B2. Significantly lower mean Vitamin D levels were found in cases (14.36 ± 4.08 ng/ml) as compared to controls (19.19 ± 6.4 ng/ml) (P = 0.001) and in B2 (13.15 ± 3.51 ng/ml) as compared to B1 (15.57 ± 4.66 ng/ml) (P = 0.01). Conclusion: There were significantly low levels of Vitamin-D in clinically established DED. Evaluating Vitamin D levels as a part of the dry eye workup in PMW is recommended. OSDI scores were not aligned with the clinical test scores; questionnaire-based tests alone may not be sufficient for diagnosing DED.

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Effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on dry eye disease patients with vitamin D deficiency

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Role of Vitamin D3 Supplementation in the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Role of Vitamin D3 Supplementation in the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Safety and Efficacy of Topical Vitamin D in the Management of Dry Eye Disease Associated With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Serum Vitamin D Levels and Dry Eye Disease in Postmenopausal Women: A Case–Control Study at a Tertiary Care Center in Rural Haryana

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