Effect of organoclay and compatibilizers on microstructure, rheological and mechanical properties of dynamically vulcanized EPDM/PP elastomers

Jolfaei, Amir Faramarzi; Gavgani, Jaber Nasrollah; Jalali, Amirjalal; Goharpey, Fatemeh

doi:10.1007/s00289-015-1328-1

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…On the other hand, the value is close to −1; therefore localization of silica at the interface is also possible. Furthermore, the interfacial interactions between the polymer phases can be evaluated using the work of adhesion ( W a ) concept . During melt mixing of a binary compound, a higher value of W a reflects a strong interaction and a more stable interface between the two components.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When −1 < ω < 1, the particles will be concentrated at the interface. Therefore, to predict the morphology of the blends, the polymer–polymer and polymer–filler interfacial tensions are necessary to calculate ω and they can be estimated by applying theoretical models such as the well‐known Owens–Wendt equation:

γ_{italicij} = γ_{i} + γ_{j} ‐ 2 [\sqrt{γ_{i}^{p} γ_{j}^{p}} + \sqrt{γ_{i}^{d} γ_{j}^{d}}] = γ_{i} + γ_{j} ‐ W_{a}

where γ i and γ j are the surface tension of components i and j , γ i p and γ i d are the polar and dispersive components respectively of the surface tension and W a is the work of adhesion between the components.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of nanoparticle localization on the rheology, morphology and toughness of nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/nanosilica

Nematollahi

Jalali‐Arani

Modarress

2019

Polymer International

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In this study, poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber blends and their nanocomposites with silica nanoparticles were prepared via the melt mixing process. The rheology, morphology and impact resistance of the prepared samples were examined depending on the silica content (0–7 phr) and its localization. The results obtained showed that the incorporation of silica below its percolation threshold led to its selective localization in the matrix and mostly near the interface. This was in agreement with the results obtained by calculation of the wetting parameter. At a high content of silica, the silica nanoparticles could also be located in the dispersed phase. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and compositional mapping of oxygen and silicon atoms proved the presence of nanoparticles at the interface. The formation of a silica nanolayer with a thickness of 55–70 nm at the interface was shown by AFM. An optimum amount of nanosilica in the blend, through its interfacial localization and reduction of the natural rubber droplet size (confirmed by SEM test), caused a significant improvement in the impact strength, which was nearly 26 times that of neat poly(lactic acid). © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

γ_{italicij} = γ_{i} + γ_{j} ‐ 2 [\sqrt{γ_{i}^{p} γ_{j}^{p}} + \sqrt{γ_{i}^{d} γ_{j}^{d}}] = γ_{i} + γ_{j} ‐ W_{a}

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nanoparticle localization on the rheology, morphology and toughness of nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/nanosilica

Nematollahi

Jalali‐Arani

Modarress

2019

Polymer International

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“…In the two‐phase systems consist of EPDM and PP, lower rheological percolation threshold of D series samples shows a higher potential for development of agglomerated microstructures. This result is in contrary to some of polymeric suspensions such as polymer‐clay nanocomposites, where a better dispersion leads to formation of three‐dimensional network of fillers and lower percolation threshold …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Since TPVs consist of densely packed cured rubber particles in a thermoplastic matrix, their rheological behavior can be studied with models developed for concentrated suspensions . It is well known that multiphase systems such as particulate suspensions have a wide range of rheological behaviors which are very sensitive to microstructure, size, shape, and surface characteristics of the dispersed phase . Depending on the interparticle interaction between solid inclusions, they can form aggregates and flocks with different structures that may change under external forces, for example, flow field …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of aggregation of cured rubber particles on rheology of thermoplastic vulcanizates

et al. 2020

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In this work, we study the effect of microstructure of rubber particle aggregates on linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties of olefinic thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP). TPVs samples with identical rubber content and different extent of rubber particle aggregation are prepared through dynamic vulcanization of PP/EPDM blends (conventional method) with different compositions as well as dilution of PP/EPDM 40/60 TPVs. Morphological observations show larger aggregates of cured rubber particles in the diluted samples (D) compared to the ones prepared by conventional method (B). The difference between the microstructures of the two series of samples decreases with increasing rubber content. Linear viscoelastic measurements demonstrate higher elastic modulus and dynamic viscosity at low frequency for D samples compared to B ones, representing the effect of aggregation of the dispersed rubber phase. The higher extent of aggregation in D samples also leads to a lower percolation threshold and smaller linear viscoelastic region. From fitting of a structure‐dependent model on the stress growth results, longer characteristic relaxation times are obtained for D samples due to the presence of rubber aggregates. Additionally, A higher degree of orientation and less contribution of rubber aggregate destruction are found under shear flow in D samples.

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“…Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy (HO-TEMPO, 97%, Accela ChemBio Co., Ltd., China) were purified by recrystallization from n-hexane. Carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs-COOH, 95 wt.%, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, China) were attained by the activation or functionalization of MWNTs resulting from the oxidation process [23,24], as specified by the manufacturer, with nominal outside diameter b 8 nm, -COOH content 3.86 wt.%, and length 10-30 μm, and dewatered in the oven at 120°C before use. N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.5%) and thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 , 99.0%) were purchased from the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., China, and used without further purification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate)/multiwall carbon nanotube ternary conducting polymer nanocomposites based on compatibilizers: Preparation, characterization and vapor sensing applications

et al. 2015

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Effect of organoclay and compatibilizers on microstructure, rheological and mechanical properties of dynamically vulcanized EPDM/PP elastomers

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of nanoparticle localization on the rheology, morphology and toughness of nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/nanosilica

Effect of nanoparticle localization on the rheology, morphology and toughness of nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/nanosilica

The effect of aggregation of cured rubber particles on rheology of thermoplastic vulcanizates

Polystyrene-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate)/multiwall carbon nanotube ternary conducting polymer nanocomposites based on compatibilizers: Preparation, characterization and vapor sensing applications

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