Effect of Ovarian Steroids on Cyclic Adenosine 3':5'-Monophosphate Production Stimulated by Arginine Vasopressin in Rat Renal Monolayer Cultured Cells.

Abstract

Renal resistance to antidiuretic hormone (ADH) has been speculated to be a mechanism of transient nephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurring during late pregnancy. In order to study possible involvement of ovarian steroids in this mechanism, their effect on cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) response to arginine vasopressin (AVP) was examined utilizing rat and human renal medullary cells in monolayer culture. In both rat and human cells, estradiol significantly reduced cAMP response to AVP; estradiol at 1.84 x 10(-8) M, 1.84 x 10(-7) M and 1.84 x 10(-6) M decreased cAMP production stimulated by 10(-8) M AVP to 78 +/- 5%, 67 +/- 2% (P less than 0.05) and 52 +/- 1% (P less than 0.001) of the control in rat renal cells, respectively, and in human renal cells the effect of estradiol was comparable to that in rat cells. In rat renal cells, progesterone also reduced cAMP response to AVP dose-dependently; progesterone at 1.59 x 10(-7) M, 1.59 x 10(-6) M and 1.59 x 10(-5) M decreased cAMP production stimulated by 10(-8) M AVP to 87 +/- 1%, 72 +/- 5% (P less than 0.001) and 37 +/- 5% (P less than 0.001) of the control, respectively. On the other hand, corticosterone and dexamethasone at concentrations ranging from 10(-8) M to 10(-5) M and aldosterone at concentrations ranging from 10(-9) M to 10(-5) M did not alter cAMP response to AVP significantly. The suppressive effect of estradiol increased with time until six hours and thereafter it reached a plateau.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Sex Hormone Effects on Body Fluid Regulation

“…Although there were small increases in overall fluid retention during estradiol administration, renal free water clearance was unaffected by estrogen administration. This lack of effect on renal free water clearance suggested to us that estrogens may alter renal sensitivity to AVP or even interfere with AVP action in the kidney (9) as has been noted in collecting ducts of rat kidneys (9). We also observed little change in free water clearance in young women during combined estradiol and progesterone administration despite greater P [AVP] , supporting reduced renal response to AVP.…”

Vasopressin Directly Regulates Cyst Growth in Polycystic Kidney Disease

“…Whether men have a higher or a lower renal sensitivity to AVP than women is not clear, because studies on this issue are not in agreement. 20,27 Higher AVP levels and gender differences in urine concentration may contribute to the faster rate of cystic expansion 28 and the earlier age of ESRD in men with ADPKD as observed in some 29,30 but not all 31,32 studies. In summary, the results of this study indicate that AVP is a powerful modulator of cystogenesis.…”

Estrogen effects on osmotic regulation of AVP and fluid balance

“…Renal free water clearance was unaffected by estrogen administration despite the greater AVP stimulation, suggesting that estrogen may alter renal sensitivity to AVP or even interfere with AVP action in the kidney (6,16,47). In rats, estrogen attenuates the antidiuretic action of AVP in the collecting duct (6,16,47), and this AVP modulation most likely occurs at the receptor level (43). We recently observed little change in C H 2 O in young women during combined estrogen and progesterone administration despite greater P [AVP] , again indicating a reduced renal response to AVP.…”