Effect of Panax ginseng Extract on Energy Metabolism during Exercise in Rats

Avakian, Edward V.; Sugimoto, Ryusei; Taguchi, Susumu; Horvath, Steven M.

doi:10.1055/s-2007-969657

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although this study used a different type of exercise and a different level of intensity than our study, it suggests that ginsenosides might influence hepatic glycogen metabolism. In addition, rats that received acute ginseng extract had higher plasma glucose and lower FFA levels after a 30-minute swimming exercise compared to control rats [11]. However, our study did not show different levels in plasma biomarkers between groups despite the higher hepatic glycogen levels in exercise-trained mice treated with RG.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…RG intake down-regulated genes associated with lipid metabolism, which are up-regulated by a high-fat diet [10,11]. Based on these previous studies, we expected that RG intake would further increase fat oxidation when combined with endurance training, which is known to increase the rate of fatty acid mobilization in intramuscular fat [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In studies demonstrating the effect of ginseng on exercise performance, acute ginseng intake after a three-hour swimming exercise improved recovery from fatigue, suggesting an effect of ginseng on endurance exercise performance. Additionally, mice treated with acute ginseng extract had higher blood glucose and lower plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels after swimming for 30 min [11,12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Red Ginseng Treatment for Two Weeks Promotes Fat Metabolism during Exercise in Mice

et al. 2014

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PURPOSE: Red ginseng (RG) has been reported to improve the blood and organ lipid profile when combined with exercise. However, the effect of RG on energy metabolism during exercise is poorly understood. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate whether RG treatment alters fat utilization during exercise; METHODS: We used seven-week-old ICR mice (n = 42). RG (1 g/kg) was administered orally daily during two weeks of endurance training. All mice were randomized into two groups: training only group (CON group) and training with RG group (RG group). Endurance training consisted of 20~25 m/min on a slope of 8° for one hour five times a week. After a two-week experimental period, we measured substrate utilization during exercise at the same intensity and duration of training using a respiratory calorimetry chamber. Mice were dissected for glycogen measurement of muscles and liver before, immediately after, and one hour after the exercise; RESULT: Fat oxidation during the initial 20 min of the one-hour exercise significantly increased in the RG group compared to the CON group. In addition, the liver glycogen stores significantly decreased immediately after the one-hour exercise compared to at rest in the RG group, but did not differ between immediately after the one-hour exercise and at rest in the RG group. The glycogen concentration in white and red gastrocnemius muscle did not differ between the groups immediately after the one-hour exercise; CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that RG treatment for two weeks promotes fat oxidation and a glycogen-sparing effect during exercise. This might lead to a delay in peripheral fatigue during endurance exercise performance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Red Ginseng Treatment for Two Weeks Promotes Fat Metabolism during Exercise in Mice

et al. 2014

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“…Avakian et al . [32] demonstrated that ginseng saponin-treated animals had markedly lower concentrations of lactic acid after swimming for 30 or 60 min. In our experiments, however, RG treatment did not change blood lactate levels (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Red Ginseng Supplementation More Effectively Alleviates Psychological than Physical Fatigue

Choi

Woo²,

Yoon³

et al. 2011

Journal of Ginseng Research

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Red ginseng (RG, the extract of Panax ginseng Meyer) has various biological and psychological activities and may also alleviate fatigue-related disorders. The present study was undertaken to evaluate what kind of fatigue red ginseng alleviate. Animals were orally administered with 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg of RG for 7 days. Before experiments were performed. Physiological stress (swimming, rotarod, and wire test) are behavioral parameters used to represent physical fatigue. Restraint stress and electric field test to a certain degree, induce psychological fatigue in animals. Plasma concentration of lactate and corticosterone (CORT) were also measured after these behavioral assays. RG supplementation (100 mg/kg) increased movement duration and rearing frequency of restrainted mice in comparison with control. 100 and 200 mg/kg of RG increased swimming time in cold water (8±4℃) while at 100 mg/kg, RG increased electric field crossing over frequencies. 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg RG prolonged running time on the rotarod and at 100 mg/kg, it increased balancing time on the wire. RG at those doses also reduced falling frequencies. RG supplementation decreased plasma CORT levels, which was increased by stress. Lactate levels were not significantly altered. These results suggest that RG supplementation can alleviate more the damages induced by psychological than physical fatigue.

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“…RG contains various ginsenosides, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol, and has been widely used as an ergogenic aid. Although only one human study has found an association between RG intake and exercise performance (1), several rat studies have demonstrated a positive association between RG intake and exercise performance (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Red Ginseng Intake on Muscle Injury Due to Eccentric Exercise

Jung

Kim

Lee³

et al. 2010

JFN

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This study examined the effects of Korean red ginseng (RG) on muscle injury induced by eccentric exercise. Eighteen college male students were randomly assigned to either the RG group or the placebo group (P). The RG group ingested RG extract at 20 g/day (mixed with 200 mL of water) for 7 days prior to performing a downhill treadmill exercise and for 3 days after performing the downhill treadmill exercise, while the P group ingested 200 mL of water containing Agastachis Herba for 7 days prior to and 3 days following a downhill treadmill exercise. All subjects performed 2 bouts of a downhill treadmill exercise (6 km, -14 degree slope, 12 km/hr speed) with a 5 minute resting interval between bouts. Blood samples were drawn immediately before and after exercise, and at 1 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr, and 72 hr. Two-way repeated ANOVA documented that creatine kinase (CK) levels in the RG group were significantly reduced at 48 hr after exercise, as compared with P group, and remained constant until 72 hr after exercise. Lactate levels in the RG group were also significantly lower at 24 hr and 72 hr after exercise as compared to the P group. We conclude that supplementation of RGreduces CK levels and may prevent muscle injury induced by eccentric exercise.

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Effect of Panax ginseng Extract on Energy Metabolism during Exercise in Rats

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

Red Ginseng Treatment for Two Weeks Promotes Fat Metabolism during Exercise in Mice

Red Ginseng Treatment for Two Weeks Promotes Fat Metabolism during Exercise in Mice

Red Ginseng Supplementation More Effectively Alleviates Psychological than Physical Fatigue

Effects of Red Ginseng Intake on Muscle Injury Due to Eccentric Exercise

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