Effect of partial root excision on transpiration, root hydraulic conductance and leaf growth in wheat seedlings

Vysotskaya, L. B.; Архипова, Т. Н.; Timergalina, L.N.; Dedov, Aleksandr V.; Veselov, S. Yu.; Kudoyarova, G. R.

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2004.01.004

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Because the wheat root system consists of several individual roots, it is possible that Lp r of each of these roots can be adjusted independently. For example, after excising four of the seminal roots in durum wheat (Triticum durum), water flow in the remaining root increased, maintaining the water supply to the shoot (Vysotskaya et al, 2004). A feature like this may provide an advantage in heterogeneous or fluctuating environments.…”

Section: Contrasting Root Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Morphology, Anatomy, and Aquaporins in Determining Contrasting Hydraulic Behavior of Roots

et al. 2009

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The contrasting hydraulic properties of wheat (Triticum aestivum), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) roots were identified by integrating measurements of water flow across different structural levels of organization with anatomy and modeling. Anatomy played a major role in root hydraulics, influencing axial conductance (L ax ) and the distribution of water uptake along the root, with a more localized role for aquaporins (AQPs). Lupin roots had greater L ax than wheat roots, due to greater xylem development. L ax and root hydraulic conductance (L r ) were related to each other, such that both variables increased with distance from the root tip in lupin roots. L ax and L r were constant with distance from the tip in wheat roots. Despite these contrasting behaviors, the hydraulic conductivity of root cells (Lp c ) was similar for all species and increased from the root surface toward the endodermis. Lp c was largely controlled by AQPs, as demonstrated by dramatic reductions in Lp c by the AQP blocker mercury. Modeling the root as a series of concentric, cylindrical membranes, and the inhibition of AQP activity at the root level, indicated that water flow in lupin roots occurred primarily through the apoplast, without crossing membranes and without the involvement of AQPs. In contrast, water flow across wheat roots crossed mercury-sensitive AQPs in the endodermis, which significantly influenced L r . This study demonstrates the importance of examining root morphology and anatomy in assessing the role of AQPs in root hydraulics.

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Section: Contrasting Root Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Morphology, Anatomy, and Aquaporins in Determining Contrasting Hydraulic Behavior of Roots

et al. 2009

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“…A decline in stomatal conductance, however, not only decreases water vapour loss, but also inhibits CO 2 inXux thereby depressing photosynthesis. However, it is not only the closing of stomata that may regulate plant water loss, but it has also been reported that the stomata of young wheat plants do not necessarily close under stressful conditions (Vysotskaya et al 2004a). In these plants, it was found that high water potential can, instead, be maintained by an increase in root hydraulic conductivity that reduces the negative impact on shoot hydration that faster water loss from the leaves would otherwise bring about (Vysotskaya et al 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of root ABA and hydraulic conductivity in the control of water relations in wheat plants exposed to increased evaporative demand

Kudoyarova

Веселова

Hartung

et al. 2010

Planta

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We studied the possible involvement of ABA in the control of water relations under conditions of increased evaporative demand. Warming the air by 3°C increased stomatal conductance and raised transpiration rates of hydroponically grown Triticum durum plants while bringing about a temporary loss of relative water content (RWC) and immediate cessation of leaf extension. However, both RWC and extension growth recovered within 30 min although transpiration remained high. The restoration of leaf hydration and growth were enabled by increased root hydraulic conductivity after increasing the air temperature. The use of mercuric chloride (an inhibitor of water channels) to interfere with the rise on root hydraulic conductivity hindered the restoration of extension growth. Air warming increased ABA content in roots and decreased it in shoots. We propose this redistribution of ABA in favour of the roots which increased the root hydraulic conductivity sufficiently to permit rapid recovery of shoot hydration and leaf elongation rates without the involvement of stomatal closure. This proposal is based on known ability of ABA to increase hydraulic conductivity confirmed in these experiments by measuring the effect of exogenous ABA on osmotically driven flow of xylem sap from the roots. Accumulation of root ABA was mainly the outcome of increased export from the shoots. When phloem transport in air-warmed plants was inhibited by cooling the shoot base this prevented ABA enrichment of the roots and favoured an accumulation of ABA in the shoot. As a consequence, stomata closed.

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“…The number of seminal roots, root hair length, and an increase in the root hydraulic resistance that can be modified through breeding was indicated (Bengough et al, 2011), However, when crops are irrigated, extensive root systems using a large quantity of photosynthates are unnecessary. In a hydroponic experiment (unlimited water availability), Vysotskaya et al (2004) showed that only one out of five wheat roots can maintain transpiration and stomatal conductivity at the same level as control plants with an intact root system. Therefore, different genotypes are required under irrigated and rain fed conditions or other farming practices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

Lipiec¹,

Doussan²,

Nosalewicz³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

469

225

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A b s t r a c t. Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.K e y w o r d s: water stress, high temperature, root and shoot growth, tolerance mechanisms, management practices INTRODUCTIONPlants are frequently exposed to drought and heat stresses that reduce crop yield worldwide. The combined effect of both heat and drought on yield of many crops is stronger than the effects of each stress alone (Dreesen et al., 2012;Rollins et al., 2013).Agricultural water deficit arises from both insufficient rainfall and soil water during the growing season to sustain a high crop yield (Sekhon et al., 2010;Vadez et al., 2011;2012;). Projections show an increase in intense rain events and at the same time reduction in the number of rain days that leads to increased risk of drought (Trenberth, 2011;Vadez et al., 2011). Therefore, under rainfed conditions water scarcity is one of the most widespread limitations to crop production.A period of dry weather, injurious to crops, is often defined as 'drought' that is related to changes in soil and meteorological conditions and not with plant and tissue hydration. Drought stress occurs when the humidity of the soil and the relative air humidity are low and the ambient temperature is high.Predisposition of plants to maintain a high potential of water in the tissues under drought is called dehydration avoidance, and tolerance that determines plant predisposition to survive water deficiency is called drought resistance (Blum, 2005;Vadez et al., 2011). Molecular biologists often report the effect of an exotic gene towards 'drought tolerance' and advertise its expected value in breeding (Blum, 2005).Heat stress or heat wave is defined as the rise in temperature beyond a threshold level for a period sufficient to cause permanent ...

show abstract

Effect of partial root excision on transpiration, root hydraulic conductance and leaf growth in wheat seedlings

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Roles of Morphology, Anatomy, and Aquaporins in Determining Contrasting Hydraulic Behavior of Roots

Roles of Morphology, Anatomy, and Aquaporins in Determining Contrasting Hydraulic Behavior of Roots

Involvement of root ABA and hydraulic conductivity in the control of water relations in wheat plants exposed to increased evaporative demand

Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

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