Effect of pendant groups on the blood compatibility and hydration states of poly(2‐oxazoline)s

Abstract

Poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PMeOx), poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PEtOx), poly(2‐n‐butyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PBuOx), and poly(2‐phenyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PPhOx) are selected as poly(2‐oxazoline) (POX) models to study the effect of pendant groups on their blood compatibility and hydration states. A comprehension of this can provide a perspective for understanding the biocompatibility of PMeOx and PEtOx in water‐polymer interactions and may inspire the development of novel blood‐compatible POX derivatives. The aforementioned four POXs are grafted onto glass substrates via photo‐grafting, and their blood compatibility is estimated via platelet adhesion and the degree of denaturation of the adsorbed fibrinogen. The hydration states of the POXs are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy. Intermediate water is found to be present in hydrated PMeOx and PEtOx, but is observed to be scarce in hydrated PBuOx and PPhOx. This could be the reason for the biocompatibility of PMeOx and PEtOx. The carbonyl groups in PMeOx and PEtOx can be fully hydrated. However, in PBuOx and PPhOx, water mainly exists as bulk water. The hydration of the carbonyl groups is hindered by the bulky side chains, and IW cannot be generated.

Enrichment of Cancer Cells Based on Antibody-Free Selective Cell Adhesion

“…EGAm and RUM showed slightly higher platelet adhesion than that of AUM; however, no significant difference was found between the polymers and PMEA. We have shown that the number of platelets adhering to materials is strongly correlated with the amount of adsorbed fibrinogen and degree of conformational alteration thereof, even when using a number of polymers with varied chemical structures. ,,− We have also reported that platelet adhesion to materials can be suppressed if the degree of conformational alteration of fibrinogen is suppressed. ,,− Protein adsorption behavior from plasma to material surfaces has been reported to be kinetically and thermodynamically controlled, known as the Vroman effect. , This effect describes the initial adsorption of abundant but weak surface-active proteins from the liquid phase and their subsequent replacement by species that bind more strongly but are present at lower concentrations. This effect also explains the differences in the adsorption behavior of proteins on the material surface and the behavior of adhered cells that recognize the adsorbed proteins at the surface.…”

Design of biomaterials through direct ring-opening metathesis polymerisation of functionalised cyclic alkenes

“…94 The hydration state and biocompatibility of these polymers can be tuned by controlling the side chain spacing 94,114,139–141 and changing the chemical structure of the side chains. 142–167…”

Clinical Application for Tissue Engineering Focused on Materials

“…Therefore, many studies on the appropriateness of synthetic and biomaterials as the base material have also been carried out. Surface chemical modifications such as functional molecules as growth factors interact with cells [ 39 ], and are antithrombotic due to plasma treatment and water control for water wettability and protein adsorption modification [ 4 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Similarly, to induce endothelialization of the material surface early after transplantation, many approaches aim for antithrombotic by post modal modification of functional molecules to the material surface and blending into the material [ 43 ].…”