Effect of peptide YY on gastric, pancreatic, and biliary function in humans

Adrian, Thomas E.; Savage, A P; Sagor, G.R.; Allen, J.M.; Bacarese-Hamilton, A.J.; Tatemoto, Kazuhiko; Polak, J.M.; Bloom, Steve

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90442-1

Cited by 259 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Plasma taken 30 and 90 min after injection was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography to assess oxyntomodulin degradation (6). Insulin, peptide YY, and ghrelin-like immunoreactivity were measured using in-house radioimmunoassays (11)(12)(13). All samples were assayed in duplicate and within one assay to eliminate interassay variation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous Oxyntomodulin Reduces Body Weight in Overweight and Obese Subjects

et al. 2005

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This study investigated the effect of subcutaneously administered oxyntomodulin on body weight in healthy overweight and obese volunteers. Participants self-administered saline or oxyntomodulin subcutaneously in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group protocol. Injections were self-administered for 4 weeks, three times daily, 30 min before each meal. The volunteers were asked to maintain their regular diet and level of physical exercise during the study period. Subjects' body weight, energy intake, and levels of adipose hormones were assessed at the start and end of the study. Body weight was reduced by 2.3 ؎ 0.4 kg in the treatment group over the study period compared with 0.5 ؎ 0.5 kg in the control group (P ‫؍‬ 0.0106). On average, the treatment group had an additional 0.45-kg weight loss per week. The treatment group demonstrated a reduction in leptin and an increase in adiponectin. Energy intake by the treatment group was significantly reduced by 170 ؎ 37 kcal (25 ؎ 5%) at the initial study meal (P ‫؍‬ 0.0007) and by 250 ؎ 63 kcal (35 ؎ 9%) at the final study meal (P ‫؍‬ 0.0023), with no change in subjective food palatability. Oxyntomodulin treatment resulted in weight loss and a change in the levels of adipose hormones consistent with a loss of adipose tissue. The anorectic effect was maintained over the 4-week period. Oxyntomodulin represents a potential therapy for obesity. Diabetes 54: 2390 -2395, 2005 T he prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide; currently Ͼ65% of adults in the U.S. are overweight (1). Although even a modest weight loss can improve the health of obese individuals, efforts to treat the obesity pandemic have been unsuccessful. Novel therapeutic targets are urgently required.Several gut hormones have been found to modulate appetite (2-4). Oxyntomodulin is a peptide product of the proglucagon gene released from the L-cells of the small intestine in response to food ingestion (5). Oxyntomodulin has been reported to reduce food intake by 19.3% during an intravenous infusion administered to normal-weight humans, an effect that continues for Ͼ12 h after infusion (6). Furthermore, in rodents, repeated intraperitoneal administration over 7 days has been associated with reduced white adipose tissue and a highly significant reduction in weight compared with controls (7). Thus, oxyntomodulin may offer a novel treatment for human obesity.We hypothesized that self-administered subcutaneous oxyntomodulin would induce weight loss, reduce appetite, and alter the levels of adipose hormones in overweight and obese volunteers investigated in a 4-week communitybased study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSHealthy male and female volunteers, ages 18 -55 years, with a stable BMI of 25-40 kg/m 2 were recruited by advertisement and followed between January and August 2004. All potential subjects were nonsmokers with normal physical examination, routine blood tests, and electrocardiograms. Subjects were screened using the standard Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (8) and SCOFF Questionnaire (9) ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous Oxyntomodulin Reduces Body Weight in Overweight and Obese Subjects

et al. 2005

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“…It is secreted following a meal, gradually rises, reaches the peak level within 1-2 h, and will remain elevated for 6 h [59,60]. Meal composition has high influence on the release of PYY, with protein being greater then lipids and carbohydrates [61].…”

Section: Peptide Tyrosine Tyrosinementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of gastrointestinal hormones in feeding behavior and obesity treatment

et al. 2015

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Food intake regulation is generally evaluated by many aspects consisting of complex mechanisms, including homeostatic regulatory mechanism, which is based on negative feedback, and hedonic regulatory mechanism, which is driven by a reward system. One important aspect of food intake regulation is the peripheral hormones that are secreted from the gastrointestinal tract. These hormones are secreted from enteroendocrine cells as feedback to nutrient and energy intake, and will communicate with the brain directly or via the vagus nerve. Gastrointestinal hormones are very crucial in maintaining a steady body weight, despite variations in nutrient intake and energy expenditure. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulation of feeding behavior by gut hormones, and its role in obesity treatments.

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“…The sustained production of PYY after a meal appears to be a direct effect of intraluminal contents acting on the endocrine L cells of the colon [40]. Interestingly, dietary fat is the most potent stimulant of PYY release [3].…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Release Of Pyymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include inhibiting glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [12], inhibiting gastric secretion and emptying [3], decreasing gastrointestinal motility [29], reducing gallbladder emptying [23], inhibiting pancreatic and intestinal secretion [46], promoting vasoconstriction to the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas [30] and [46] and enhancing salt and water absorption in the colon [39]. All of these PYY-mediated effects are induced via actions on the brainstem, and could affect digestion, absorption, satiety and energy balance [37] and [40].…”

Section: Functions Of Pyymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of peptide YY in regulating glucose homeostasis

2007

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The gut-derived hormone peptide YY (PYY) is most commonly known for its effect on satiety, decreasing food intake and body weight in animals and humans. However, PYY is also involved in a wide range of digestive functions including regulating insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Over the last few years, there have been several interesting clinical and animal studies investigating the role of PYY in glucose homeostasis. This review aims to present an updated summary of findings over the last few decades highlighting the role of PYY in regulating insulin output and insulin sensitivity, and the potential mechanisms involved.

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Effect of peptide YY on gastric, pancreatic, and biliary function in humans

Cited by 259 publications

References 15 publications

Subcutaneous Oxyntomodulin Reduces Body Weight in Overweight and Obese Subjects

Subcutaneous Oxyntomodulin Reduces Body Weight in Overweight and Obese Subjects

Role of gastrointestinal hormones in feeding behavior and obesity treatment

The role of peptide YY in regulating glucose homeostasis

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