Effect of periodic inflow on elevator traffic

Complex motion induced by elevator choice in peak traffic

“…Utilization of elevators depends highly on both elevator information and passenger's preference. There are a few models of elevator traffic [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. However, it is little known on how both elevator information and passenger's preference affect the dynamics and motion of elevators.…”

A Survey of Elevator Group Control Systems for Vertical Transportation: A Look at Recent Literature

“…Continuous variations in the passenger flow and cabin load influence the path that the elevators choose [24]. Several reasons justify performing a deep analysis of the traffic in the building before programming a dispatching algorithm.…”

Dynamic behavior of elevators under random inflow of passengers

“…Elevators are another example of transportation systems exhibiting nontrivial out-of-equilibrium behaviors. The multiple elevators move as clusters in the crowded case, which seem similar to traffic jams [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, the elevators exhibit different spontaneous ordering from the traffic jam as the out-of-equilibrium oscillators.…”

“…Such difference can be simply interpreted as the difference in the volume exclusion effect of vehicles. Since elevators interact with each other through the existence of waiting passengers instead of the volume exclusion effect, it was found that the clustering of elevators emerges by increasing rather the mean number of passengers coming in a unit time, or the inflow, than the vehicle density [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The dependence of dynamics on the inflow is reported in various scenarios, such as during downand up-peak periods [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…Since elevators interact with each other through the existence of waiting passengers instead of the volume exclusion effect, it was found that the clustering of elevators emerges by increasing rather the mean number of passengers coming in a unit time, or the inflow, than the vehicle density [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The dependence of dynamics on the inflow is reported in various scenarios, such as during downand up-peak periods [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Recent studies propose stochastic models and show the typical time of round trips in steady-state at each inflow [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”