Effect of Permafrost Thawing on Discharge of the Kolyma River, Northeastern Siberia

Suzuki, Katsuhiko; Park, Hotaek; Makarieva, Olga; Kanamori, Hitoshi; Hori, Masahiro; Matsuo, Koji; Matsumura, Shinji; Nesterova, Nataliia; Hiyama, Tetsuya

doi:10.3390/rs13214389

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Sugimoto et al (2003) established, in a larch forest of eastern Siberia, that the autumn soil water stored in the 0-1.2 m active layer column contributed to E T in the following summer. A 1-year delayed correlation between soil water and evapotranspiration was also identified at the Kolyma watershed in eastern Siberia, underlain by continuous permafrost (Zhang et al, 2019;Suzuki et al, 2021). However, the warmer temperature increases permafrost thawing, leading to wetted surface layers and thus greater evapotranspiration.…”

Section: Influence Of Permafrost Warming On Evapotranspiration and Wa...mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…It has been increasingly affected by climate-change-induced warming and thawing (Biskaborn et al, 2019). Permafrost warming during summer caused an increase in the active layer thickness (ALT), defined as the maximum soil thawing depth (Li et al, 2022), thereby increasing water storage capacity in the active layer and, possibly, enhancing evapotranspiration (Suzuki et al, 2021). Observations also showed the sensitivity of evapotranspiration to higher soil moisture in the active layer of a Siberian boreal forest (Ohta et al, 2014;Kotani et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Contribution of water rejuvenation induced by climate warming to evapotranspiration in a Siberian boreal forest

Park

Hiyama²,

Suzuki³

2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Water age is a useful metric to evaluate the influence of anthropogenic and natural forcings on the terrestrial water cycle. Current climate warming is enhancing the warming of permafrost soil in the Arctic. Although permafrost is a crucial component of the Arctic terrestrial water cycle, its influence on processes regulating the fluxes and ages of Arctic terrestrial water, particularly soil storage and evapotranspiration, is not well understood. In this study, a water age calculation scheme was implemented into the coupled hydrological and biogeochemical model (CHANGE) to assess the mechanisms through which climate warming affects the soil water storage–evapotranspiration–water age feedback cycle in a boreal forest. Continuous air temperature increase from 1980 to 2016 caused earlier snowmelt and soil thawing, inducing decreasing age trends in snow- and rain-sourced water. The younger water contributed to higher spring evapotranspiration. In summer, the higher evapotranspiration dried the surface soil layer. In turn, the drier surface layer increased the loss of fresh rainwater. Autumn precipitation, preserved in the frozen winter soil until the following spring, became an additional source of water and enhanced plant transpiration in the following summer. This increase accounted for 4.2% of the annual total transpiration. These results suggest that permafrost warming, characterized by earlier soil thawing and later freezing, induced higher evapotranspiration, thereby shortening the residence time of precipitation-sourced water in the active layer and further rejuvenating water in soil layers and in evapotranspiration. Under future climate warming conditions, this effect is expected to intensify and the water cycle will accelerate.

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Section: Influence Of Permafrost Warming On Evapotranspiration and Wa...mentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of water rejuvenation induced by climate warming to evapotranspiration in a Siberian boreal forest

Park

Hiyama²,

Suzuki³

2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Permafrost degradation can also affect hydrological processes, resulting in soil water content to increase at the bottom of the active layer by the melting of ground ice, and increasing groundwater storage in the underlying basin (Gao et al., 2018). Summer discharge is suppressed due to the active layer thickness increasing by permafrost degradation (Suzuki et al., 2021). Permafrost degradation can also cause warm‐season runoff and winter base‐flow to significantly increase in high‐latitudes regions, and in winter the river base flow can be increased by the melting of ground ice, reducing the peaks of seasonal hydrological processes in discontinuous frozen soil regions (Luo et al., 2016; Yang et al., 2004; Ye et al., 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continued Warming of the Permafrost Regions Over the Northern Hemisphere Under Future Climate Change

Zhao

et al. 2022

Earth's Future

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Surface air temperatures can directly affect the thermal state of permafrost in the permafrost region of the Northern Hemisphere (PRONH). It is necessary to understand the trends in air temperatures and consider actual CMIP future scenario output instead of a linear temperature increase over different permafrost regions. In this study, air temperatures from 23 models of the sixth coupled‐model intercomparison project (CMIP6) are evaluated against observational data from the PRONH. It is shown that most of the models reasonably represent the dominant characteristics of air temperature variations. Under three different future scenarios, air temperature and warming trends are examined using an optimal model ensemble. Results show that mean annual air temperature (MAAT) is higher in sporadic‐permafrost and isolated‐permafrost regions than in continuous‐permafrost regions. MAAT warming rates were 0.10°C/decade and 0.35°C/decade from 1900 to 2014 and from 1980 to 2014, respectively, and were 0.09°C/decade, 0.38°C/decade, and 0.95°C/decade from 2015 to 2100 under the low‐ to high‐emission scenarios. Air temperature varies considerably between the high‐altitude, transitional, and high‐latitude permafrost regions (HLR), and warming trends are the greatest in HLR under future scenarios. Moreover, warming trends in different permafrost classes vary little from the historical values from 1900 to 2014, and with a gradual increase from isolated‐permafrost regions to continuous‐permafrost regions under future scenarios. The results suggested that air temperatures in the PRONH warmed approximately 1.6 times faster than global air temperatures from 1980 to 2014 and under the three future scenarios.

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“…Such changes will be both vertical and horizontal, resulting in deeper active layers (Abramov et al , 2021), shrinking permafrost extent, and the retreat of its respective zones (Lim et al , 2019;Streletskiy, 2021). The progressing permafrost degradation leads to important and lasting changes in geomorphological processes (Rudyet al , 2017;Tananaev & Lotsari, 2022), hydrological phenomena (Rudy et al , 2017;Suzuki et al , 2021) and biogeochemical cycles (Grosse et al , 2016;Mann et al , 2012;Vonk et al , 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reemission of inorganic pollution from permafrost? – a freshwater hydrochemistry study in the lower Kolyma basin (North-East Siberia)

Szumińska

Kozioł

Chalov

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Permafrost regions are under particular pressure from climate change resulting in widespread landscape changes, which impact also freshwater chemistry. We investigated a snapshot of hydrochemistry in various freshwater environments in the lower Kolyma river basin (North-East Siberia, continuous permafrost zone) to explore the mobility of metals, metalloids and non-metals resulting from permafrost thaw. Particular attention was focused on heavy metals as contaminants potentially released from the secondary source in the permafrozen Yedoma complex. Permafrost creeks represented the Mg-Ca-Na-HCO -Cl-SO ionic water type (with mineralisation in the range 600-800 mg/L), while permafrost ice and thermokarst lake waters were the HCO -Ca-Mg type. Multiple heavy metals (As, Cu, Co, Mn and Ni) showed much higher dissolved phase concentrations in permafrost creeks and ice than in Kolyma and its tributaries, and only in the permafrost samples and one Kolyma tributary have we detected dissolved Ti or Hg. In thermokarst lakes, several metal and metalloid dissolved concentrations increased with water depth (Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn - in both lakes; Al, Cu, K, Sb, Sr and Pb in either lake), reaching 1370 µg/L Cu, 4610 µg/L Mn, and 687 µg/L Zn in the bottom water layers. Permafrost-related waters were also enriched in dissolved phosphorus (up to 512 µg/L in Yedoma-fed creeks). The impact of permafrost thaw on river and lake water chemistry is a complex problem which needs to be considered both in the context of legacy permafrost shrinkage and the interference of the deepening active layer with newly deposited anthropogenic contaminants.

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Effect of Permafrost Thawing on Discharge of the Kolyma River, Northeastern Siberia

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Contribution of water rejuvenation induced by climate warming to evapotranspiration in a Siberian boreal forest

Contribution of water rejuvenation induced by climate warming to evapotranspiration in a Siberian boreal forest

Continued Warming of the Permafrost Regions Over the Northern Hemisphere Under Future Climate Change

Reemission of inorganic pollution from permafrost? – a freshwater hydrochemistry study in the lower Kolyma basin (North-East Siberia)

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