Effect Of Physical Exercises On Serum Electrolyte

Effects of natural polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice supplementation on plasma ion and lipid profiles following resistance exercise: a placebo-controlled trial

“…However, plasma [Na + ], [Ca2 + ] and [Cl − ] were not altered after the high-intensity resistance exercise protocol in the PLA condition. The findings of the present study are in line with those of Emenike et al [17] with regard [K + ], but conflicts with the observations from this study regarding Previous reports have suggested that the inter-study discrepancies in plasma ion responses to physical exercise is linked to the configuration of the exercise protocol administered (e.g., intensity and duration) [14,15,18], with high intensity [15] and/or more prolonged exercise [16,17] resulting in greater blood ion imbalances. However, the significant decrease of plasma [K + ] and the absence of plasma [Na + ], [Ca 2+ ] or [Cl − ] alterations following the intensive long duration (1 h 46 min) resistance session administered in the current study suggests that other factors are involved in mediating the ionic response to exercise.…”

“…Previous studies investigating plasma ion responses following prolonged, high-intensity exercise (e.g., soccer) or exercise in the heat have reported slight to significant hyper-or hypokaliemia (high-or low [K + ]) and slight to significant hyper-or hyponatremia (high-or low or [Na + ]) [2,[14][15][16][17]. Discrepancies between findings might be linked to the configuration of the exercise protocol administered (e.g., intensity and duration) [14,15,18], with high intensity (e.g., sprint, cycling) [2,7] and/or more prolonged exercise (e.g., 100 km run, marathon, prolonged submaximal cycling) [15,16] resulting in greater blood ion imbalances (e.g., Hyper-kaliemia or natremia).…”

“…Discrepancies between findings might be linked to the configuration of the exercise protocol administered (e.g., intensity and duration) [14,15,18], with high intensity (e.g., sprint, cycling) [2,7] and/or more prolonged exercise (e.g., 100 km run, marathon, prolonged submaximal cycling) [15,16] resulting in greater blood ion imbalances (e.g., Hyper-kaliemia or natremia). Indeed, in response to short duration moderate exercise (45 min), Emenike et al [17] showed only a slight reduction in serum [K+] and [Na+], while short maximal isokinetic cycle ergometer exercise [2] and prolonged submaximal-cycling [15] or moderate-running [16] exercise were associated with significant increases in plasma [K+] and [Na+]. These pronounced increases in plasma [K+] and [Na+] following prolonged and/or intensive exercises have been suggested to be due to the higher loss of fluids (via sweat) during prolonged exercise and to the inactivation of some Na + -K + -ATPase pumps, which play a crucial role in stabilizing Na + and K+ concentration gradients and membrane excitability) during intense contractions [19].…”

“…These pronounced increases in plasma [K+] and [Na+] following prolonged and/or intensive exercises have been suggested to be due to the higher loss of fluids (via sweat) during prolonged exercise and to the inactivation of some Na + -K + -ATPase pumps, which play a crucial role in stabilizing Na + and K+ concentration gradients and membrane excitability) during intense contractions [19]. However, although resistance exercise (e.g., weightlifting) is clearly classified as high-intensity physical exercise [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], there is a dearth of available studies addressing potential ionic imbalances during such exercise, and the existing evidence is conflicting [16,17].…”

Acute Effects of Maximal Strength, Power Endurance and Interval Run Training on Na, K and Cl Levels in Elite (Professional) Basketball Players

“…K causes increase in heart tone and contraction in muscles (Yılmaz, 2000). K also interacts with both Na and Cl to control fluid and electrolyte balances and assists in the conduction of nerve impulse (Emenike, Ifeanyi, Kingsley, Chinedum & Chineneye, 2014;Epstein & Armstrong, 1999). The physical activity induced urinary levels of Na and K electrolytes would affected by different intensities, spans and types of the physical trainings (Mooren et al, 2001).…”