Effect of physical seed treatment on yield and quality of crops: A review

Abstract

Seed treatments are the biological, physical and chemical agents and techniques applied to seed to provide protection and improve the establishment of healthy crops. The benefits of seed treatments are increased germination, uniform seedling emergence, protect seeds or seedlings from early season diseases and insect pests improving crop emergence and its growth. Anthropogenic changes of the soil, water and atmosphere due to the use of different chemical additives for raising plants productivity led to searching alternative ways. Safe methods for increasing the yield includes the reasonable use of chemicals and substitution of some of them by appropriate physical treatments viz., magnetic field, gamma irradiation, electric field, laser irradiation, sound, healing energy, light and heat.Key words: Energy treatment, Germination, Seedling vigour, Seedling growth, Seed yield.Recently the use of physical methods for plant growth stimulation is getting more popular due to the less harmful influence on the environment. Physical factors can be used to get positive biological changes in crop plants without affecting the ecology. Growth, development and yield of dill seed is accelerated using physical treatment. All living processes are highly dependent on energy exchange between the cell and the environment. This is the core concept in "quantum agriculture" that has been intensively discussed in the last decades (www.btinternet.com). Energy treatment is an innovative area of research to improve the yield of crops. It initiates physiological and biochemical changes, which reflect the plant growth and development processes and ultimately improve the yield and quality of produce. Treatment led to change of seed vitality indices (germinating energy, germination, and uniformity of germination): In this paper, different types of energy treatments viz., magnetic field, gamma irradiation, electric field, laser irradiation, sound energy, healing energy, light and heat energy on germination, seed yield and quality of agriculture and horticulture crops. MECHANISM INVOLVED IN ENERGY TREATMENTPhysical factors import different kind of energy into the cells. It is a kind of energy treatment that stimulates the enzymes and other biochemical reactions that helps in early germination. Imported energy is absorbed by the electrons in different molecules. The absorbed energy may be transformed in another kind of energy (most probably chemical one) and then used for accelerating the seed metabolism. It helps to elucidate the mechanisms of energy exchange in molecules and thus stimulation of plant development. In the case of chemical amelioration the necessary substances are directly inserted into the cell. Whereas in the physical treatment, energy introduced in the cell creates conditions for molecular transformations. Magnetic field energy:Application of magnetic fields of extremely low frequencies positively affects seed germination, shoot development, plant length, fresh weight, fruit production and mean fruit weight (Cakmak et al.,...

Effect of UV-C radiation on basic indices of growth process of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds in pre-sowing treatment

“…Such methods envisage the reducing of application of chemical substances or their replacement by physical methods. Among the physical methods used for pre-sowing seed treatment, the following ones are studied most of all: magnetic field, gamma rays, and UV radiation (Govindaraj et al, 2017;Surjadinata et al, 2017). The effectiveness of pre-sowing seeds treatment with electroozonation was proved (Normov et al, 2019).…”

Enhancement of Papaya (Carica papaya) Seedling Growth by Pranic Agriculture

“…It initiates physiological and biochemical changes, which reflect the plant growth and development processes and ultimately improve the yield and quality of produce. Energy treatment includes magnetic, sound, heat, light and energy healing (Govindaraj, Masilamani, Alex Albert, & Bhaskaran, 2017). Among energy healing, various types namely Meditation (Pandey et al, 2015), Pranic Agriculture (Nagendra Prasad & Jois, 2019), and Biofield (Lee & Wu, 2019;Sances, Flora, Patil, Spence, & Shinde, 2013;Shinde, Sances, Patil, & Spence, 2012) has been proved to enhance seedling growth and yield.…”

Effect of Pre-sowing Magnetic Field Treatment on Some Biochemical and Physiological Processes in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L. spp. Minor)

“…Therefore, some studies are currently being conducted with various methods for seed improvement (Florez et al 2007;Khawar et al 2010;Marinkoviae et al 2008;Perveen et al 2011;Zia et al 2012). Recently, more attention has been paid to physical factors, which may be used in the process of seed preparation (Delibatlova and Ivanova 2006;Hernandez et al 2010;Gładyszewska 2011;Govindaraj et al 2017;Samuilov and Garifullina 2007;Szajsner et al 2017). The prevailing view is that physical factors stimulating seeds to germinate act only on the course of physiological and biochemical processes which occur in them, and therefore, they are safe for the environment (Govindaraj et al 2017;Jamil et al 2012;Podleśny 1998;Podleśny et al 2003Podleśny et al , 2004.…”

“…Recently, more attention has been paid to physical factors, which may be used in the process of seed preparation (Delibatlova and Ivanova 2006;Hernandez et al 2010;Gładyszewska 2011;Govindaraj et al 2017;Samuilov and Garifullina 2007;Szajsner et al 2017). The prevailing view is that physical factors stimulating seeds to germinate act only on the course of physiological and biochemical processes which occur in them, and therefore, they are safe for the environment (Govindaraj et al 2017;Jamil et al 2012;Podleśny 1998;Podleśny et al 2003Podleśny et al , 2004. One of the physical factors that may be used in the stimulation of germination as well as growth and development of seedlings is a magnetic field (Rochalska 2005;Pietruszewski and Wójcik 2000;Pietruszewski and Martinez 2015).…”