Effect of piglet birth weight on survival and quality of commercial market swine

Fix, Justin; Cassady, J. P.; Holl, J. W.; Herring, William; Culbertson, M.; See, M. T.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2010.05.007

Cited by 101 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The consequence of increased litter size is reduced intrauterine space per foetus, also known as intrauterine crowding, resulting in intrauterine growth retardation and ultimately low birth weight (Bérard et al, 2010b). Lower birth weight of piglets is not only associated with reduced likelihood of pre-weaning and nursery survival (Fix et al, 2010) but also impaired growth efficiency and unfavourable carcass characteristics (Rehfeldt et al, 2004;Gondret et al, 2006;Bérard et al, 2008). Because the percentage of piglets with rather low birth weight increases with 1 AA = ad libitum access to the diet during the growth and finishing period (n = 14); RA = restricted and ad libitum access to the diet during the growth and finishing period, respectively (n = 14); and RR = restricted access to the diet during the growth and finishing period (n = 14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory growth feeding strategy does not overcome negative effects on growth and carcass composition of low birth weight pigs

Madsen

Bee

2015

Animal

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The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the compensatory growth feeding strategy could be a suitable solution for overcoming the negative effects on growth, carcass composition and meat quality of low birth weight pigs. Forty-two Swiss Large White barrows from 21 litters were selected at weaning and categorized into either being light (L; > 0.8 and < 1.3 kg) or heavy (H; > 1.7 kg) birth weight pigs. From 27.8 kg BW, pigs were assigned within birth weight group to one of three feeding groups: AA: ad libitum access to the grower and finisher diet, RR: restricted access to the grower and finisher diet or RA: restricted access to the grower diet and ad libitum access to the finisher diet. At slaughter, the longissimus (LM) and semitendinosus (STM) muscles were removed from the right side of the carcass. Weight, girth and length of the STM and the LM area were determined after muscle excision. Carcass characteristics and meat quality traits were assessed. Using mATPase histochemistry, myofibre size and myofibre type distribution were determined in the LM and STM. Because of longer days on feed, total feed intake was greater (P < 0.01) and feed efficiency was lower (P < 0.01) in L than H barrows. Regardless of the birth weight group, AA and RA barrows grew faster (P < 0.05) than RR barrows. During the compensatory growth period, RA barrows grew faster (P < 0.05) than AA or RR barrows. Growth efficiency did not differ between RA and RR barrows but was greater (P < 0.05) compared with AA barrows. Carcasses of L barrows were fatter as indicated by the lower (P ⩽ ≤ 0.05) lean meat and greater (P ⩽ 0.02) omental and subcutaneous fat percentage. Lean meat percentage was lower (P ⩽ 0.05) in AA and RA than RR barrows. These differences caused by ad libitum feed access tended to be greater (feeding regime × birth weight group interaction; P < 0.08) in L than H barrows. In L barrows, slow oxidative, fast oxidative glycolytic and overall average myofibre size of the LM and the fast glycolytic myofibres and overall average myofibre size of the dark portion of the STM were larger (P ⩽ 0.03) than in H barrows. The study revealed that the compensatory growth feeding strategy was inadequate in overcoming the disadvantages of low birth weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory growth feeding strategy does not overcome negative effects on growth and carcass composition of low birth weight pigs

Madsen

Bee

2015

Animal

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“…With a litter size ranging from 5 to 20 piglets born, a distinct linear decrease in average litter birth weight and a concomitant increase in the proportion of low birth weight pigs can be observed (Foxcroft et al, 2007;Fix et al, 2010). Although average litter birth weight is still moderately inverse to litter size when only litters with 10 to 15 newborns are included in the analysis (Foxcroft et al, 2007), the between-litter variance in average litter birth weight can still reach a maximum of 1 kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of average litter weight in pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the offspring as depending on birth weight

Pardo

Kreuzer

Bee

2013

Animal

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Offspring born from normal litter size (10 to 15 piglets) but classified as having lower than average birth weight (average of the sow herd used: 1.46 6 0.2 kg; mean 6 s.d.) carry at birth negative phenotypic traits normally associated with intrauterine growth restriction, such as brain-sparing and impaired myofiber hyperplasia. The objective of the study was to assess long-term effects of intrauterine crowding by comparing postnatal performance, carcass characteristics and pork quality of offspring born from litters with higher (.1.7 kg) or lower (,1.3 kg) than average litter birth weight. From a population of multiparous Swiss Large White sows (parity 2 to 6), 16 litters with high (H 5 1.75 kg) or low (L 5 1.26 kg) average litter birth weight were selected. At farrowing, two female pigs and two castrated pigs were chosen from each litter: from the H-litters those with the intermediate (H I 5 1.79 kg) and lowest (H L 5 1.40 kg) birth weight, and from L-litters those with the highest (L H 5 1.49 kg) and intermediate (L I 5 1.26 kg) birth weight. Average birth weight of the selected H I and L I piglets differed ( P , 0.05), whereas birth weight of the H L -and L H -piglets were similar ( P . 0.05). These pigs were fattened in group pen and slaughtered at 165 days of age. Pre-weaning performance of the litters and growth performance, carcass and meat quality traits of the selected pigs were assessed. Number of stillborn and pig mortality were greater ( P , 0.05) in L-than in H-litters. Consequently, fewer ( P , 0.05) piglets were weaned and average litter weaning weight decreased by 38% ( P , 0.05). The selected pigs of the L-litters displayed catch-up growth during the starter and grower-finisher periods, leading to similar ( P . 0.05) slaughter weight at 165 days of age. However, H L -gilts were more feed efficient and had leaner carcasses than H I -, L H -and L I -pigs (birth weight class 3 gender interaction P , 0.05). Meat quality traits were mostly similar between groups. The marked between-litter birth weight variation observed in normal size litters had therefore no evident negative impact on growth potential and quality of pigs from the lower birth weight group.

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“…The mean share of stillborn piglets in all litters was 10.21 %. Fix et al (2010) emphasize the importance of parity order. At later parities, they observed increased losses of piglets (P<0.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of reproductive performance in sows of Prestice Black-Pied pig - Czech genetic resource

Nevrkla

Václavková

Hadaš

et al. 2016

IJAR

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The aim of the study was to evaluate reproductive performance in selected sows of Prestice Black-Pied pig included in Czech genetic resources and also to analyse losses of piglets and culling of sows according to parity order. The experimental work was conducted in a nucleic herd of sows registered in breeding book. A total of 88 sows were included in the observation. Findings indicate that productive parameters of Prestice Black-Pied sows are comparable to productive parameters of modern genotype sows. The results also showed that the highes conception rate after the first insemination was achieved after the second, the third and the fourth parity. Analysis of gestation length revealed that it was significantly influenced by the parity. Very highly significant difference (P<0.001) was found between the 1st and the 2nd parity and between the 1st and the 4th parity. Total numbers of piglets and numbers live-born, stillborn and reared piglets per litter increased significantly (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05) up to the 4th parity, afterwards they continuously decreased. The number of stillborn piglets was the lowest at the 2nd parity, the highest at the 5th and the 6th parity (P<0.05). Length of interval was highly significantly different (P<0.01) between the 2nd and the 5th parity and significantly different (P<0.05) between the 4th and the 5th parity. Differences in the losses of piglets were not significant among parities. The most radical culling of sows was recorded after the 3rd and the 4th parity.

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Effect of piglet birth weight on survival and quality of commercial market swine

Cited by 101 publications

References 23 publications

Compensatory growth feeding strategy does not overcome negative effects on growth and carcass composition of low birth weight pigs

Compensatory growth feeding strategy does not overcome negative effects on growth and carcass composition of low birth weight pigs

Effect of average litter weight in pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the offspring as depending on birth weight

Evaluation of reproductive performance in sows of Prestice Black-Pied pig - Czech genetic resource

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