Effect of Planting Date, Clipping Height, and Cultivar on Forage and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat in Argentinean Pampas

Abstract

In Argentinean Pampas, new wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars are routinely introduced to farmers for dual-purpose production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of planting date, clipping height on forage, and grain yield for wheat cultivars. Treatments were arranged as a 3 3 3 3 3 factorial distributed in a splitsplit plot within a randomized complete block design. Main plots were planting date (March, April, and May); split-plots were clipping height (3 cm, 7 cm, and no clipping); and split-split plots were a facultative cultivar Pincen, and two nonfacultative cultivars Charrua and Bordenave 223 (Bve223). In 1995 and 1996 forage yield decreased in response to a delayed planting date from March to May, whereas in 1997 it was not affected by planting date. The 3-cm clipping height yielded 21% more forage than plots clipped at 7 cm. Bve223 and Charrua produced significantly more forage than Pincen each year. Grain yield increased as planting date progressed from March to May. Clipping at 3 cm reduced grain yield compared with no clipping, while during 2 to 3 yr, 7 cm produced no significant change in grain yield compared with no clipping. In all years Bve223 produced more grain than Charrua or Pincen. Forage yield lost in response to later planting date ranged between 0 and 81% during the 3 yr; whereas grain yield increased from 40 to 190% for wheat planted in May compared with March. In conclusion, dual-purpose wheat planted during April had both good forage and grain production, and its success was influenced by cultivars.

Nitrogen Fertilizer and Seeding Rate Influence on Grain and Forage Yield of Dual‐Purpose Barley

“…Despite the 25% grain yield penalty from forage removal in dual-purpose systems, economic analysis revealed considerably higher revenue in this system. The greater feasibility of dual-purpose systems compared with grain-only systems has been noted (Arzadun et al, 2003(Arzadun et al, , 2006Decker et al, 2009). Arzadun et al (2006) evaluated the increase of beef weight versus the decrease of wheat grain yield at increasing grazing pressures in a dual-purpose system and concluded that increased grazing pressure (grazing height from 7 to 3 cm) was profitable for farmers.…”

“…The greater feasibility of dual-purpose systems compared with grain-only systems has been noted (Arzadun et al, 2003(Arzadun et al, , 2006Decker et al, 2009). Arzadun et al (2006) evaluated the increase of beef weight versus the decrease of wheat grain yield at increasing grazing pressures in a dual-purpose system and concluded that increased grazing pressure (grazing height from 7 to 3 cm) was profitable for farmers. Perhaps the adoption of an appropriate dual-purpose system simplifies crop-livestock integration in this region, which will have economic and ecological advantages, such as (i) implementation of a dual-purpose system can enhance a system's profitability, which is extremely important, especially in rural areas, and (ii) the successful use of dual-purpose systems contributes to environmental protection because it prevents Table 3.…”

“…Some researchers have reported on the economic advantages of dual-purpose systems compared with grain-only systems (Arzadun et al, 2003(Arzadun et al, , 2006Decker et al, 2009). Th e dual-purpose system would be feasible if the forage value obtained is greater than any grain yield penalty from grazing/clipping.…”

Genetic Diversity of Great Plains Hard Winter Wheat Germplasm for Forage

“…Winter wheat breeding and research programs in the United States have traditionally targeted improved grain yield and quality for human consumption (Arzadún et al, 2006;Carver et al, 1991;Carver et al, 2001;Winter and Thompson, 1990). On the other hand, forage associated traits such as forage yield and nutritive value have not been major breeding goals in winter wheat breeding programs (Kim and Anderson, 2015).…”

Effect of nitrogen fertilization and decapitation stress on Triticum aestivum L. (Wheat) productivity

“…Its production is generally for grain purpose, while in countries such as Argentina, Australia, Morocco, Syria and Uruguay, wheat crop is cultivated for grain as well as for fodder purpose. Wheat is the major crop in term of area and production [1]. The pasture of wheat is of great value because of its quality and quantity compared to other crops in late fall, winter or early spring season [2].…”