Effect of polytetrafluoroethylene-treatment and microporous layer-coating on the electrical conductivity of gas diffusion layers used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Ismail, M.S.; Damjanović, Tanja; Ingham, D.B.; Pourkashanian, Mohamed; Westwood, Aidan

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.11.069

Cited by 115 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They estimated the EBR of the GDL with an analytical expression and used it for the calculation of the ECR. Since they employed uncoated stainless steel electrodes, they found that the ECR between the GDL and the electrodes is considerably higher than the EBR of the individual GDL [9].…”

Section: Two-point Probe Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges Associated with Measuring the Intrinsic Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Paper Diffusion Media

2015

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In this work, an overview of three different through-plane resistivity measurement methods accompanied with the inplane resistivity measurement method is given and the methods thoroughly evaluated. It is found that the accuracy of the results is highly dependent on the measurement method. The gold coated electrodes reduce the electrical contact resistance (ECR) emerging between the electrodes and the GDL samples; however, it does not completely eliminate it. Measurement of the voltage drop across the GDLs directly on the GDL surfaces excludes contact resistances to the electrode. On the other hand, we find that the difference in the isolation area around the direct voltage-sense-probes in combination with the in-plane resistivity of the GDLs impacts the accuracy of the experimental results. Consequently, implementation of the direct voltage-sense-probes is recommended for accurate measurements with an isolation area as small as possible.

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Section: Two-point Probe Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges Associated with Measuring the Intrinsic Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Paper Diffusion Media

2015

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“…As the GDL material is highly anisotropic, it is important to characterize both the inplane and through-plane resistivity of the GDL. In-plane resistivity measurement methods are well developed and conventionally uses four-probe measurements where the current-forcing and voltage-sensing electrodes are separated [25]. Recently, Ye et al [14] reported a modified in-plane resistivity measurement by employing a multi-electrode linear arrangement to evaluate the contact resistance of GDL material with copper electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconvolution of electrical contact and bulk resistance of gas diffusion layers for fuel cell applications

Sow

Prass

Kalisvaart

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Pertaining to PEM fuel cell PTL characterization, four-point probe (4PP) measurements have been applied with leads bonded to said anvils. 6,14,15 While a 4PP measurement is superior to the two-point equivalent, in that measurement system contributions are eliminated; when current and sense leads share the anvils, sample-to-anvil contact resistances are included in the measurement. An alternate 4PP approach applies micro-electrodes for voltage sensing directly at the PTL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These loads impart strains in the fuel cell components, which in the case of PTLs may decrease the apparent resistivity of the layer. Of the aforementioned studies examining PTL resistance, several references 2,6,[14][15][16] incorporated the effect of mechanical compression, reporting data as a function of applied stress. Assuming that the underlying cause for changes in resistivity is structural change, reporting values as a function of sample thickness (or strain) may be more useful than stress; which is clouded by any non-linearity in the stress-strain characteristic of the material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Anisotropic Electrical Resistivity of PEM Fuel Cell Transport Layers as Functions of Compressive Strain

Todd

Schwager

Mérida

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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We report on a method and apparatus for the determination of the three-dimensional electronic resistance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell porous transport layers (PTLs) as a function of compression. Attention is given to the anisotropic nature of the fiber-based materials; between through-and in-plane directions and the differences within in-plane. For the first time, in-plane resistivities are resolved as functions of strain with a square four-point probe (4PP) arrangement; these are acquired in multiple directions to determine principal components of resistivity. Through-plane information is acquired with a linear 4PP apparatus with parallel capture of sample stress and strain. Results are presented for a selection of PTLs of different PTFE contents and thicknesses. In-plane resistivities exhibit linear decreases in resistivity with increasing compressive strains. We estimate an order of magnitude lower resistivity in-versus through-plane. Further, we reinforce that anisotropy in-plane undermines reports based on two or less measurements. Three methods are presented and contrasted for analyzing data in the through-plane direction. We demonstrate the limitations of common assumptions regarding contact resistances and of using PTLs of different thicknesses. It is proposed a total area resistance approach is presently the most accessible and communicable for the fuel cell community.

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Effect of polytetrafluoroethylene-treatment and microporous layer-coating on the electrical conductivity of gas diffusion layers used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 115 publications

References 20 publications

Challenges Associated with Measuring the Intrinsic Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Paper Diffusion Media

Challenges Associated with Measuring the Intrinsic Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Paper Diffusion Media

Deconvolution of electrical contact and bulk resistance of gas diffusion layers for fuel cell applications

Three-Dimensional Anisotropic Electrical Resistivity of PEM Fuel Cell Transport Layers as Functions of Compressive Strain

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