Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract on the Production of Some Enzymes in Proteus spp Isolated from Different Clinical Samples in Kirkuk city.

Abstract

The study investigates the effects of pomegranate peel extracts on some virulence factors such as the production of some enzymes produced by Proteus spp isolated from different clinical samples. Among 310 different clinical samples, 48 isolates of proteus were obtained, 14 isolates(29.16%)were obtained from urine, 15 isolates (31.25%) were obtained from stool, 7 isolates (14.58%) from ear swabs, 4 isolates (8.33%) were obtained from wounds, 5 isolates (10.41% (from burns and 3 isolates) 6.25%) of the high cervical. The study showed that from 48 isolates of Proteus spp 25 isolates (52.08%) identified as P.mirabilis, 15 isolates (31.25%)of P. penerri, while 8 isolates of P. vulgaris were obtained with a percentage of (16.66%) and it was found that 18 isolates (72%) of P.mirabilis isolates were positive for the production of beta-lactamase enzyme, 24 isolates (96%) are positive for proteases and 14 isolates (56%) produced lipase, while 13 isolates from P. penerri (86.66%) produced beta-lactamases and proteases and 10 isolates (66.66%) produced lipase, also found that 5 isolates (62.5%) of P. vulgaris produced Beta-lactamase and all the isolates (100%) produced protease while 7 isolates (87.5%) produced lipase. It was found that the hot aqueous extract of pomegranate peels inhibited the production of beta-lactamase enzyme in 4 out of 7 isolates that produced this enzyme, while all tested isolates did not produce lipase by using extracts of pomegranate peel extracts. The isolates lost their ability to produce protease enzyme, except for two isolates that were not affected by extracts of pomegranate peel fruits.

Prevalence and Distribution of Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Enzymes Isolated from Clinical and Environmental Sources

“…Some biochemical tests were also performed, and all of the S. aureus isolates tested positive for the catalase that breaks down hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 into oxygen gas O 2 and H 2 O, which shows as gas bubbles, Fig. 2A [10]. A 100% positive result appeared for the coagulase enzyme, which is one of the most important diagnostic tests, Fig.…”

“…After mixing, the tubes were kept in the incubation chamber for an hour at 37ºC for 18-24 hrs. The solution was then dropped into each tube, followed by a drop of iodine solution, and the tubes were shaken vigorously and allowed for 5 minutes at the laboratory temperature before the results were read [10].…”

Effect of pomegranate peel extract on some virulence factors of Proteus mirabilis isolated from pathological cases

“…Polysaccharides caused by P. mirabilis in the expression of different virulence factors, biofilm production and resistance to different classes of antibiotics. Nucleo et al, 2010 (4).Flagella, toxins, fimbriae, adhesions, enzymes, and immune cell resistance are also expressed (5) Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in humans, both in the community and in hospitals. Urinary infections include a group of clinical conditions that range in severity from asymptomatic infections to acute bladder, prostate, pelvic, renal, and urethral infections.…”