Effect of preterm birth on growth and cardiovascular disease risk at school age

Inomata, Satomi; Yoshida, Taketoshi; Koura, Uta; Tamura, Kentaro; Hatasaki, Kiyoshi; Imamura, Hiroaki; Mase, Daisuke; Kigawa, Mika; Adachi, Yuichi; Inadera, Hidekuni

doi:10.1111/ped.12732

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We had a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.75. This prevalence was comparable, in different proportions, to the findings of the other authors, 10,[12][13][14][15][16] who also found high blood pressure in premature infants compared to fullterm controls. Bonamy et al, 17 in 2017 in Switzerland, found that in children aged 6 years born before the 27th week of amenorrhoea, the blood pressure measured did not differ in the two groups.…”

Section: Hypertension In Former Premature Infants Cumulative Incidencesupporting

confidence: 88%

“…17 While Namraka Vashishta found that low birth weight and young age at follow-up were associated with an increased risk of having a systolic or diastolic BP above the 90 th percentile. 12 Satomi inomata et al, 15 in 2015 in Japan, found that gestational age was positively associated with height and inversely associated with blood pressure at school age (p=0.04). 15 Grancher et al in 2014 in France found primiparityandthebirthheadcircumferencebelowthe10 th percentile significantly associated with abnormal blood pressure.…”

Section: The Associated Factorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Relationship between prematurity, high blood pressure and kidney injury

Mah¹,

Sap²,

Ngwanou³

et al. 2020

JPNC

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Introduction: Prematurity is a public health problem worldwide. Reducing the morbidity and mortality of prematurity through improved management techniques reveal the emergence of cardiovascular risk diseases, including kidney disease and high blood pressure, which can compromise health in adulthood. The prevalence of these diseases varies from country to country. The main objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with renal injury and high blood pressure in children born preterm. Methodology: We conducted a historical cohort study including children aged 6 to 11 years, matched for gender and sex in a 1:2 ratio. Data were collected from the records of premature and full-term infants hospitalized from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2013. Patients were reviewed during outpatient consultation, where height, blood pressure were measured and a urine dipstick was performed. Patients with high blood pressure or positive protein uria were seen again two weeks later for follow-up. The Fisher test and the Chi-square test were used to compare proportions. The significance threshold was defined for p<0.05. Relative risk (RR) was used to establish the risk relationship between the different variables. Results: We enrolled 125 children born preterm and 250 born at full-term. The mean age was 8.2+/-1.6 years with discrete female predominance. The cumulative incidence of pathologies varied according to type: 17.60% in preterm versus 2% in full-term (p?0,001) for high blood pressure and 69.60% in preterm versus 33.20% in full-term children (p?0,001) for proteinuria. Factors associated with renal in jury were the use of amino glycosides, aminophylline and neonatal infection. We found a correlation between the presence of proteinuria and high blood pressure (r=1.14, p=0.000002). Conclusion: Renal damage and high blood pressure were more common in children born preterm than in full-term. Associated factors were neonatal infection, use of amino glycosides and aminophylline.

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Section: Hypertension In Former Premature Infants Cumulative Incidencesupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: The Associated Factorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Relationship between prematurity, high blood pressure and kidney injury

Mah¹,

Sap²,

Ngwanou³

et al. 2020

JPNC

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“…Contradictorily with previous reports, BW was not significantly associated with impaired glucose tolerance, triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, or HTN in Korean adolescents, which might imply that BW may be a limited contributing factor to the metabolic syndrome in adolescents born as SGA. A series of Japanese studies on low BW and increased CV risks found that preterm SGA children were significantly shorter and inversely associated with systolic BP at school age but did not have unfavorable lipid levels at the age of 9–10 years 54)…”

Section: Impact Of Weight Gain and Timing Of Catch-up Growth For Chilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence in Pediatric Hypertension

Hong

2019

Korean Circ J

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It has been known for a long time that elevated blood pressure (BP) in the young may persist and progress into adult hypertension (HTN). Multiple studies have revealed the predicted BP trajectory lines starting from childhood and related them to later cardiovascular (CV) risks in adulthood. As a small baby grows into a tall adult, BP will also naturally increase. Among early-life predictors of adult HTN, birth history, such as prematurity, and low birth weight have been popular subjects in research on pediatric HTN, because body size at birth has been reported to be inversely related to the risk of adulthood HTN. The hypothesis of HTN in prematurely born adolescents has been postulated as a physiological predisposition to postnatal excessive weight gain. Current body weight is a well-known independent predictor of HTN in children, and some studies showed that children demonstrating upward crossing of their weight percentiles while growing into adolescents have significantly increased risk for elevated BP later in life. Recently, reports focused on the adverse effect of excessive catch-up growth in this population are gradually drawing attention. Accordingly, children born prematurely or with intrauterine growth restriction who show rapid changes in their weight percentile should be under surveillance with BP monitoring. Prevention of childhood obesity, along with special care for premature infants or infants small for their gestational age, by providing healthy nutritional guidelines should be cardinal strategies for the prevention of adult HTN and CV risks later in life.

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“…), primary school age children (Inomata et al . ) and adults (Irving et al . ; Sipola‐Leppänen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ex-preterm adults have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (Crump et al 2011;Lewandowski et al 2015). Impaired cardiovascular function following preterm birth has been demonstrated in newborns (Fyfe et al 2015), primary school age children (Inomata et al 2015) and adults (Irving et al 2000;Sipola-Leppänen et al 2015). Baroreflex control in preterm infants is inversely proportional to gestational age at birth (Gournay et al 2002), and evidence shows that maturation occurs more slowly in this population, such that at term equivalence the preterm infants still have a deficit in their baroreflex control (Andriessen et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sex and prematurity on the cardiovascular baroreflex response in sheep

Allison

Nguyen

Yiallourou

et al. 2017

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings r What is the central question of this study?Late preterm infants are often assumed to escape long-term morbidities known to impact earlier preterm offspring. Is this true for the cardiovascular system? r What is the main finding and its importance?We show that late preterm birth is a risk factor for cardiovascular dysfunction in early adulthood and is influenced by sex. Early signs of cardiovascular dysfunction might predispose to heart disease in adulthood.Very preterm infants have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the effects of a late preterm birth on future cardiovascular function are not known. We hypothesized that after a late preterm birth, the well-described impairments in heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity would persist into adulthood. To test this hypothesis, sheep born preterm (0.9 gestation; nine male and seven female) or term (11 male and six female) underwent surgery at 14 months of age for insertion of femoral arterial and venous catheters and a femoral flow probe. After recovery, heart rate variability was assessed, followed by a baroreflex challenge (using the vasoactive agents phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside) in conscious adult lambs. Our data demonstrate decreased low-frequency normalised units (LFnu) and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio in female but not male ex-preterm sheep at rest. When challenged, mature male ex-preterm sheep have an increased blood pressure response but dampened heart rate baroreflex response. We show that even a late preterm birth leads to cardiovascular dysfunction in adulthood. These early signs of cardiovascular dysfunction might underpin the later hypertension and increased risk of heart disease observed in adults born preterm. These findings are particularly important because late preterm infants are often assumed to escape the long-term morbidities known to impact on very preterm and extremely preterm offspring.

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Effect of preterm birth on growth and cardiovascular disease risk at school age

Abstract: Background. Low birth weight is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Relationship between prematurity, high blood pressure and kidney injury

Relationship between prematurity, high blood pressure and kidney injury

Blood Pressure Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence in Pediatric Hypertension

The effect of sex and prematurity on the cardiovascular baroreflex response in sheep

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