Effect of pretreatments and catalytic route in the quality and productivity of biodiesel obtained from secondary sludge

Patiño, Yolanda; Faba, Laura; Dı́az, Eva; Ordóñez, Salvador

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106195

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The sample pretreated by microwaves was obtained after 10 min at 2450 MHz, whereas the sonication pretreatment was carried out for 50 min at 10 kHz, in both cases, without stirring. These conditions were optimized in a previous work [46].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ion Exchange Resins for Solving Biorefinery Catalytic Processes Challenges

et al. 2023

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Different possible applications of ion exchange resins in the framework of biorefinery catalytic applications are discussed in this article. Three case studies were selected for this approach, connected to three main routes for biomass upgrading: syngas upgrading to high-value chemicals, biomass hydrolysate upgrading, and direct upgrading of oily fraction. The tailored acidic properties of these materials, as well as their stability in the presence of water, have made them promising catalysts for applications such as obtaining biodiesel from activated sludge wastes in batch reactors and obtaining polyoxymethylene methyl ether from syngas (via formaldehyde and methylal, and working in a continuous fixed bed reactor). However, the acidity of these materials may still be too low for acid-catalyzed aldol condensation reactions in the aqueous phase.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ion Exchange Resins for Solving Biorefinery Catalytic Processes Challenges

et al. 2023

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“…The considerable difference in biodiesel yield was ascribed to the different SS lipid fractions, conversion efficiency, and reaction kinetics. In the conventional (trans)esterification of SS and SSE using homogeneous catalysts (NaOH, KOH, and H 2 SO 4 ), the conversion of lipids in SS to biodiesel was less than 40 wt.% after 5 to 24 h of reaction (Patiño et al 2021;Patiño et al 2018;Siddiquee and Rohani 2011a;Supaporn and Yeom 2016;Wu et al 2017) (Table 3). The conversion efficiency and reaction kinetics were enhanced when solid catalysts were used.…”

Section: Biodiesel Production From Sse Using a Ssrb Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of sewage sludge biochar as a catalyst in production of biodiesel through thermally induced transesterification

Jung

Kim

et al. 2022

Biochar

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Sewage sludge (SS) is a residual/semi-solid material produced from industrial and municipal wastewater treatment processes. SS contains a high content of lipids and earth alkaline metals that can be used as catalysts for various chemical applications; however, its valorization has rarely been the focus of research. This study demonstrates that SS could be a promising raw material for biodiesel production and a biochar catalyst to promote the reaction kinetics of alkylation. Thermally induced transesterification of the SS extract (SSE) was performed in comparison with the conventional homogeneous reaction. SS biochar was fabricated via pyrolysis. The highest yield (33.5 wt.% per SSE) of biodiesel production was achieved in 1 min of reaction at 305 °C via thermally induced transesterification in the presence of SS biochar, while the yield of biodiesel from (trans)esterification with 5 wt.% H2SO4 was less than 1% even after 24 h. The reaction kinetics (< 1 min) of thermally induced transesterification was extraordinarily faster than that of conventional transesterification (3–24 h). The porous structure and high content of alkaline species in the SS biochar expedited the reaction kinetics. Consequently, the integrated/hybridized process for thermally induced transesterification and pyrolysis of the solid residue of SS was experimentally proved for the valorization of SS in this study. Considering that SS is being disposed of as a waste material and generates toxic chemicals in the environment, its valorization into value-added biodiesel and a catalyst could be an environmentally benign and sustainable technique. Graphical Abstract

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“…Transesterification by using base catalysts was widely used for biodiesel production since base catalysts could react at a lower temperature and reaction time than acid catalysts [5]. Nevertheless, a reaction with a base catalyst produces soap between the base and methyl ester in the saponification reaction, in which water is involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Optimization of Castor Oil Transesterification by Central Composite Design for Biodiesel Production

Sukpancharoen

Phetyim

Krittasin³

et al. 2022

Advances in Energy Research and Development

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Thailand is an agriculture-based country with the potential to cultivate a vast array of plant species, including castor. Castor oil is produced by pressing castor seeds. Castor oil was selected as the preferred vegetable oil for biodiesel production. Castor oil is primarily composed of ricinoleic acid, a hydroxyl fatty acid. Response surface methodology was used in this study to optimize the biodiesel production process parameters. This study varies the molar ratio of methanol to oil, the concentration of the catalyst, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time. As a catalyst, potassium hydroxide was used in the transesterification process. In this study, response surface methodology is utilized in conjunction with central composite design (CCD) experiment design. Therefore, the optimal yield of castor oil transesterification is 4.02 methanol to 1 oil, a catalyst concentration of 0.90%, a reaction temperature of 49.87 ∘C, and a reaction time of 59.21 minutes. These optimal conditions resulted in a %fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of castor oil biodiesel of 88.25 %, which is within 5% of the predicted %FAME yield. Transesterification under optimal conditions demonstrates that the physiochemical properties of castor oil biodiesel are enhanced. The viscosity of castor oil is approximately 235 cSt at 40 ∘C. After transesterification, the viscosity of castor oil decreases to 15.2 cSt at 40 ∘C under optimal conditions. The density and flash point of castor oil biodiesel is 0.92 g/cm3 and 196 ∘C, respectively. It discovers that the flash point of castor-oil biodiesel complies with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard, whereas its viscosity and density do not. However, castor oil biodiesel can be blended with diesel petroleum to reduce its viscosity and meet ASTM specifications.

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Effect of pretreatments and catalytic route in the quality and productivity of biodiesel obtained from secondary sludge

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

The Role of Ion Exchange Resins for Solving Biorefinery Catalytic Processes Challenges

The Role of Ion Exchange Resins for Solving Biorefinery Catalytic Processes Challenges

Use of sewage sludge biochar as a catalyst in production of biodiesel through thermally induced transesterification

Experimental Optimization of Castor Oil Transesterification by Central Composite Design for Biodiesel Production

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