Effect of probiotics on body weight and body-mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials

Zhang, Qingqing; Wu, Yi–Chang; Fei, Xiaoqiang

doi:10.1080/09637486.2016.1181156

Cited by 102 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In accordance with our findings, previous reviews have found probiotics to reduce body weight in adults, and the reported effect sizes were small (19,50). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first of recent reviews including only overweight/obese adults or populations.…”

Section: Agreements and Disagreements With Other Studies Or Reviewssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2017

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SummaryA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to examine the effects of probiotic supplementation on body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg m À2 ) or obesity (BMI ≥30 kg m À2). MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for studies published between 1946 and September 2016. A meta-analysis, using a random effects model, was performed to calculate the weighted mean difference between the intervention and control groups. Of 800 studies identified through the literature search, 15 were finally included. The studies comprised a total of 957 subjects (63% women), with the mean BMI being 27.6 kg m À2 and the duration of the interventions ranging

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Section: Agreements and Disagreements With Other Studies Or Reviewssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2017

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“…For instance, treatment with natural probiotics has been shown to significantly increase HDL only in patients with a baseline BMI ≥ 29 kg/m 2 [153] or significantly reduce BMI only in participants with a baseline BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 [154]. Regarding flavanol-containing products, a previous meta-analysis of the effects of black tea on blood cholesterol failed to detect differences in the modulation of cholesterol levels between individuals with normal weight or overweight and obese phenotype, but the results of this meta-analysis were estimated using a very small number of trials per subgroup (4 and 5, respectively) [141].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These reductions constitute between 5% and 10% of the WHO established limit values for overweight (BMI = 25.0–29.9 kg/m 2 ) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m 2 ). Alternatively, intervention with probiotics [154] or nutraceuticals (e.g., lipoic acid) [164] shows a more modest but also significant reduction of BMI (approximately −0.5 kg/m 2 , ~2% change of the WHO values). On average, the size effect of the flavanol-containing products on BMI was smaller (−0.15 kg/m 2 , Table S3) but, notably, this effect may be enhanced in specific subpopulations (up to −0.91 kg/m 2 in studies conducted in European Mediterranean countries), more similar to other behavioral or dietary interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Flavanol-Containing Tea, Cocoa and Apple Products on Body Composition and Blood Lipids: Exploring the Factors Responsible for Variability in Their Efficacy

et al. 2017

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Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses support the benefits of flavanols on cardiometabolic health, but the factors affecting variability in the responses to these compounds have not been properly assessed. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to systematically collect the RCTs-based-evidence of the effects of flavanol-containing tea, cocoa and apple products on selected biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk and to explore the influence of various factors on the variability in the responses to the consumption of these products. A total of 120 RCTs were selected. Despite a high heterogeneity, the intake of the flavanol-containing products was associated using a random model with changes (reported as standardized difference in means (SDM)) in body mass index (−0.15, p < 0.001), waist circumference (−0.29, p < 0.001), total-cholesterol (−0.21, p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (−0.23, p < 0.001), and triacylglycerides (−0.11, p = 0.027), and with an increase of HDL-cholesterol (0.15, p = 0.005). Through subgroup analyses, we showed the influence of baseline-BMI, sex, source/form of administration, medication and country of investigation on some of the outcome measures and suggest that flavanols may be more effective in specific subgroups such as those with a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, non-medicated individuals or by specifically using tea products. This meta-analysis provides the first robust evidence of the effects induced by the consumption of flavanol-containing tea, cocoa and apple products on weight and lipid biomarkers and shows the influence of various factors that can affect their bioefficacy in humans. Of note, some of these effects are quantitatively comparable to those produced by drugs, life-style changes or other natural products. Further, RCTs in well-characterized populations are required to fully comprehend the factors affecting inter-individual responses to flavanol and thereby improve flavanols efficacy in the prevention of cardiometabolic disorders.

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“…Probiotics can also enhance the immune system, improve the skin's function, enhance resistance against cedar pollen allergens, and decrease body pathogens, as well as protecting DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage. They can also maintain an individual’s intestinal microbiota in subjects receiving antibiotic treatment [8,9,10,11]. In particular, it has been reported that gut probiotics play a major role in bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2016

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It has been reported that gut probiotics play a major role in the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. Probiotics may be essential to people with depression, which remains a global health challenge, as depression is a metabolic brain disorder. However, the efficacy of probiotics for depression is controversial. This study aimed to systematically review the existing evidence on the effect of probiotics-based interventions on depression. Randomized, controlled trials, identified through screening multiple databases and grey literature, were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software using a fixed-effects model. The meta-analysis showed that probiotics significantly decreased the depression scale score (MD (depressive disorder) = −0.30, 95% CI (−0.51–−0.09), p = 0.005) in the subjects. Probiotics had an effect on both the healthy population (MD = −0.25, 95% CI (−0.47–−0.03), p = 0.03) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) (MD = −0.73, 95% CI (−1.37–−0.09), p = 0.03). Probiotics had an effect on the population aged under 60 (MD = −0.43, 95% CI (−0.72–−0.13), p = 0.005), while it had no effect on people aged over 65 (MD = −0.18, 95% CI (−0.47–0.11), p = 0.22). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis with the goal of determining the effect of probiotics on depression. We found that probiotics were associated with a significant reduction in depression, underscoring the need for additional research on this potential preventive strategy for depression.

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Effect of probiotics on body weight and body-mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials

Abstract: Consuming probiotics could reduce body weight and BMI, with a potentially greater effect when multiple species of probiotics were consumed, the duration of intervention was ≥8 weeks, or the objects were overweight.

Cited by 102 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Flavanol-Containing Tea, Cocoa and Apple Products on Body Composition and Blood Lipids: Exploring the Factors Responsible for Variability in Their Efficacy

Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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