Effect of Quenching and Tempering Process on a Medium C Steel With Low Chromium and Molybenum Addition for Forged Components

Napoli, Giuseppe; Fabrizi, Giulia; Rufini, Riccardo; Mengaroni, Sabrina; Schino, Andrea Di

doi:10.12776/ams.v24i2.1104

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Future tasks for AHSS and UHSS grade steels will lead to applications where the dominant characteristic will be low weight and high strength not only for flat products but also for components with complex shapes and geometrical dimensions made by precision forging [ 100 , 101 ]. It will also be important to produce the details of complicated shapes, which cannot be made by precision forging, or by chip machining.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of HSS Steel Grades Development and Study of Reheating Condition Effects on Austenite Grain Size Changes

Kvačkaj

Bidulská

Bidulský³

2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review paper concerns the development of the chemical compositions and controlled processes of rolling and cooling steels to increase their mechanical properties and reduce weight and production costs. The paper analyzes the basic differences among high-strength steel (HSS), advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) and ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) depending on differences in their final microstructural components, chemical composition, alloying elements and strengthening contributions to determine strength and mechanical properties. HSS is characterized by a final single-phase structure with reduced perlite content, while AHSS has a final structure of two-phase to multiphase. UHSS is characterized by a single-phase or multiphase structure. The yield strength of the steels have the following value intervals: HSS, 180–550 MPa; AHSS, 260–900 MPa; UHSS, 600–960 MPa. In addition to strength properties, the ductility of these steel grades is also an important parameter. AHSS steel has the best ductility, followed by HSS and UHSS. Within the HSS steel group, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel represents a special subgroup characterized by the use of microalloying elements for special strength and plastic properties. An important parameter determining the strength properties of these steels is the grain-size diameter of the final structure, which depends on the processing conditions of the previous austenitic structure. The influence of reheating temperatures (TReh) and the holding time at the reheating temperature (tReh) of C–Mn–Nb–V HSLA steel was investigated in detail. Mathematical equations describing changes in the diameter of austenite grain size (dγ), depending on reheating temperature and holding time, were derived by the authors. The coordinates of the point where normal grain growth turned abnormal was determined. These coordinates for testing steel are the reheating conditions TReh = 1060 °C, tReh = 1800 s at the diameter of austenite grain size dγ = 100 μm.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of HSS Steel Grades Development and Study of Reheating Condition Effects on Austenite Grain Size Changes

Kvačkaj

Bidulská

Bidulský³

2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A properly performed heat treatment of steel can achieve adjustments to the qualities of toughness, hardness, abrasion resistance, etc. [ 1 ]. The optimisation of the process and the correct recrystallisation temperature are always a problem, caused by the heat-treated component shape [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Degradation of Pearlitic Steel Mechanical Properties Depending on the Stability of the Structural Phases

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper is focused on analysing the pearlitic steel phase transformations and their influence on the mechanical properties. The intention is to perform a detailed analysis of the heat treatment process using the exact heating temperature and chemical composition to achieve the optimal mechanical properties of the tool. The key area is monitoring and regulating the heat treatment. This technology is constantly undergoing an optimisation process and is an effort to introduce new trends in monitoring phase transformations and processes. The use of non-destructive methods is an adequate tool. The principle is to determine the exact structural phase at a given moment, which can be very difficult when a complex shaped part is heat treated. Which precludes the use of some other methods of phase transformation analysis. Specifically, the determination of the exact moment of finish of the austenitisation process is eminent. The monitoring of these processes will be ensured by both a non-contact pyrometer and also by the AE method with an adequate sensor and waveguide. The resulting structural phases formed after the heat treatment will be evaluated by electron microscopy, followed by the analysis of the mechanical properties of selected steels.

show abstract

“…AM shows the potential to substitute conventional metal manufacturing processes, such as casting and forging [3,4], mainly in the aerospace and biomedical fields. Thanks to improved reliability and reproducibility of the processes, AM competes with other progressive processes such as severe plastic deformation (SPD) [3][4][5][6][7] with substantial advantages such as the absence of constraints in the manufacturing design, shape freedom, high complexity of the components, combination of multiple parts into one part, production of functionally graded materials, reduced tooling requirements, and the possibility of production on demand [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser powder bed fusion process (LPBF), also known as selective laser melting (SLM), directly produces homogenous metal objects, layer by layer, from 3D Computer Assisted Drawing (CAD) data, by selectively melting fine layers of metal powder with a laser beam [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. A considerable amount of material can be saved by designing properly for additive manufacturing with no loss in terms of mechanical properties [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially, in AM products, cryogenic treatment is still very rare. The austenitic 316L grade is a popular steel for cryogenics as demonstrated by the vast literature, with special applications in the field of liquid gas confinement and storage [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Mechanisms governing tensile properties at cryogenic temperatures for wrought materials have been extensively and deeply investigated [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Case Study of the Tensile Fracture Investigation of Additive Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steels Treated at Cryogenic Conditions

Bidulský

Bidulská

Gobber³

et al. 2020

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Additive manufacturing is a key enabling technology in the manufacture of highly complex shapes, having very few geometric limitations compared to traditional manufacturing processes. The present paper aims at investigating mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures for a 316L austenitic stainless steel, due to the wide possible cryogenic applications such as liquid gas confinement or superconductors. The starting powders have been processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and tested in the as-built conditions and after stress relieving treatments. Mechanical properties at 298, 77 and 4.2 K from tensile testing are presented together with fracture surfaces investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results show that high tensile strength at cryogenic temperature is characteristic for all samples, with ultimate tensile strength as high as 1246 MPa at 4.2 K and 55% maximum total elongation at 77 K. This study can constitute a solid basis for investigating 316L components by LPBF for specific applications in cryogenic conditions.

show abstract

Effect of Quenching and Tempering Process on a Medium C Steel With Low Chromium and Molybenum Addition for Forged Components

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Overview of HSS Steel Grades Development and Study of Reheating Condition Effects on Austenite Grain Size Changes

Overview of HSS Steel Grades Development and Study of Reheating Condition Effects on Austenite Grain Size Changes

Analysis of the Degradation of Pearlitic Steel Mechanical Properties Depending on the Stability of the Structural Phases

Case Study of the Tensile Fracture Investigation of Additive Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steels Treated at Cryogenic Conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About