Effect of Radiation on Age at Menopause among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Alterations of body mass index and body composition in atomic bomb survivors

“…12,39 In female A-bomb survivors, dose response of radiation exposure on premature menopause was observed. 40 Decreased levels of hormones such as estrogen by aging and menopause are associated with increased fat and risk of sarcopenia. [41][42][43] In general, radiation effects were greater among survivors who were exposed at younger ages.…”

Cross cultural analysis of factors associated with age at natural menopause among latin‐american immigrants to madrid and their spanish neighbors

“…When a woman reaches menopause depends on the number of eggs formed in the female ovary during fetal development, the rate of loss of those eggs across the lifespan through the processes of ovulation and atresia, and the threshold number of follicles needed to maintain the fertile cycles (Sievert, ). The timing of menopause is driven by a combination of genetic (Stolk et al, ), reproductive, environmental, and life style factors (Gold, ; Morris et al, ; Sakata et al, ).…”

Life course effects on age at menopause among Bangladeshi sedentees and migrants to the UK

“…Age at menopause is determined by a combination of initial oocyte numbers and the rate of loss of ovarian follicles across the course of the female lifespan (Broekmans et al 2009;Bukovsky 2010;Hansen et al 2008;te Velde et al 1998) both of which can be influenced by genetic (Stolk et al 2012), environmental (Sakata et al 2011), and lifestyle factors (Gold et al 2001;Morris et al 2012). As a result, a wide range of variation in age at menopause has been documented across diverse populations (Henderson et al 2008;Johnston 2001;Reynolds and Obermeyer 2005;Sievert 2006; Thomas et al 2001).…”