Effect of Ramadan diurnal fasting on visceral adiposity and serum adipokines in overweight and obese individuals

Faris, MoezAlIslam; Madkour, Mohamed; Obaideen, Abdulmunhem; Dalah, Entesar Zawam; Hasan, Hayder; Radwan, Hadia; Jahrami, Haitham; Hamdy, Osama; Mohammad, Mohammad G.

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.023

Cited by 63 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In our study, adiponectin was significantly decreased by Ramadan fasting in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy control BioMed Research International groups, which is in agreement with studies reporting a significant decrease in adiponectin level during the fasting period in healthy controls [22,45] and in overweight/obese individuals [46], and a decrease in the expression of adiponectin in patients with Type 2 DM [47]. Other studies, however, reported that adiponectin either increased in healthy controls that have risk factors for Type 2 DM [48,49] or did not change in healthy individuals [7,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Abdullah

Al‐Habori

Al-Eryani

2020

BioMed Research International

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Background. In view of the association of Ramadan intermittent fasting with profound changes in lifestyle both in nondiabetic and diabetic patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on adiponectin, leptin and leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR), growth hormone (GH), human-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and diabetic and metabolic syndrome factors in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM), their first-degree relatives (FDRs), and healthy controls. Methods. This cohort study involved 98 Yemeni male subjects aged 30-70 years old: 30 Type 2 DM, 37 FDRs of Type 2 diabetic patients, and 31 healthy control subjects. Subjects’ body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP) were measured, and venous blood samples were collected twice: the first samples were collected a couple of days prior to Ramadan fasting (baseline) and the second samples after 3 weeks of fasting. Results. Ramadan fasting did not affect BMI, WC, and BP in Type 2 DM and their FDRs with respect to the baseline levels prior to Ramadan, whereas triglyceride and cholesterol were borderline significantly decreased in Type 2 DM with no effect in FDRs. Fasting blood glucose was not affected in Type 2 DM but was significantly increased in FDRs and control groups, whereas glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was slightly decreased in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls. C-peptide, insulin, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly increased in Type 2 DM and FDRs, with no effect in the control group, whereas β-cell function (HOMA-β) was significantly decreased in FDRs and controls with no change in Type 2 DM. Ramadan fasting significantly decreased GH in both FDRs and control groups, and significantly increased hs-CRP in the control with no effect in Type 2 DM and FDRs. Adiponectin was significantly decreased, and leptin and LAR were significantly increased in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and control groups. Conclusion. Ramadan intermittent fasting decreased adiponectin and increased leptin, LAR, insulin, and insulin resistance in both Type 2 DM and FDRs as well as decreased GH in both FDRs and healthy controls and increased hs-CRP in healthy controls. Moreover, Ramadan intermittent fasting neither worsens a patient’s glycemic parameters nor improves it, with the exception of a slight improvement in HbA1c in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Abdullah

Al‐Habori

Al-Eryani

2020

BioMed Research International

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“…Similarly, several reports have indicated RDIF was associated with variable increments in adiponectin levels in fasting people (119)(120)(121) . Recently, we found that RDIF was associated with significant reduction in visceral fat surface area (measured by MRI) in fifty-seven overweight/obese participants, concomitant with significant reductions proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), and a significant increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (122) . In addition, Fernando et al conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of RDIF on body fatness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting on the metabolic syndrome components in healthy, non-athletic Muslim people aged over 15 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Studies on the impact of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDIF) on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) components among healthy Muslims observing Ramadan month have yielded contradictory results. This comprehensive meta-analysis aimed to obtain a more stable estimate of the effect size of fasting during Ramadan on the MetS components, examine variability among studies, assess the generalisability of reported results and perform subgroup analyses for associated factors. We searched the CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest Medical, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published from 1950 to March 2019. The MetS components analysed were: waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma/serum glucose (FG), TAG, and HDL-cholesterol. We identified eighty-five studies (4326 participants in total) that were conducted in twenty-three countries between 1982 and 2019. RDIF-induced effect sizes for the MetS components were: small reductions in WC (no. of studies K = 24, N 1557, Hedges’ g = −0·312, 95 % CI −0·387, −0·236), SBP (K = 22, N 1172, Hedges’ g = −0·239, 95 % CI −0·372, −0·106), FG (K = 51, N 2318, Hedges’ g = −0·101, 95 % CI −0·260, 0·004) and TAG (K = 63, N 2862, Hedges’ g = −0·088, 95 % CI −0·171, −0·004) and a small increase in HDL-cholesterol (K = 57, N 2771, Hedges’ g = 0·150, 95 % CI 0·064, 0·236). We concluded that among healthy people, RDIF shows small improvement in the five MetS components: WC, SBP, TAG, FG and HDL.

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“…Recurrent circadian fasting during Ramadan is a form of diurnal intermittent fasting (DIF) or time-restricted feeding that is practiced by more than 1.5 billion Muslims every year. This special form of religious fasting is characterized by its duration and continuity (no break between fasting days) [8][9][10][11]. Such type of fasting involves complete abstinence from food and drink, even water, from dawn to sunset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent of these changes differs culturally and is associated with variable intakes of fatty and sweet foods and beverages [17,18]. Such dietary changes are resulting in variable effects on body composition [10], metabolic syndrome components [19], genetic expressions [11], and oxidative stress and inflammatory markers [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diurnal intermittent fasting during Ramadan on ghrelin, leptin, melatonin, and cortisol levels among overweight and obese subjects: A prospective observational study

et al. 2020

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Background Levels of cortisol, melatonin, ghrelin, and leptin are highly correlated with circadian rhythmicity. The levels of these hormones are affected by sleep, feeding, and general behaviors, and fluctuate with light and dark cycles. During the fasting month of Ramadan, a shift to nighttime eating is expected to affect circadian rhythm hormones and, subsequently, the levels of melatonin, cortisol, ghrelin, and leptin. The present study aimed to examine the effect of diurnal intermittent fasting (DIF) during Ramadan on daytime levels of ghrelin, leptin, melatonin, and cortisol hormones in a group of overweight and obese subjects, and to determine how anthropometric, dietary, and lifestyle changes during the month of Ramadan correlate with these hormonal changes. Methods Fifty-seven overweight and obese male (40) and female (17) subjects were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, sleep duration, and hormonal levels of serum ghrelin, leptin, melatonin, and salivary cortisol were assessed one week before the start of Ramadan fasting and after 28 days of fasting at fixed times of the day (11:00 am-1:00 pm). Results At the end of Ramadan, serum levels of ghrelin, melatonin, and leptin significantly (P<0.001) decreased, while salivary cortisol did not change compared to the levels assessed in the pre-fasting state.

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Effect of Ramadan diurnal fasting on visceral adiposity and serum adipokines in overweight and obese individuals

Cited by 63 publications

References 48 publications

Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Impact of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting on the metabolic syndrome components in healthy, non-athletic Muslim people aged over 15 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effect of diurnal intermittent fasting during Ramadan on ghrelin, leptin, melatonin, and cortisol levels among overweight and obese subjects: A prospective observational study

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