Effect of Rare‐Earth La on Inclusion Evolution in High‐Al Steel

Li, Bin; Zhu, Hangyu; Zhao, Jixuan; Song, Mingming; Li, Jianli; Xue, Zhengliang

doi:10.1002/srin.202100347

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Li et al [34] reported that adding Ce could transform Al-Ca-Si-O inclusions into Ce 2 O 2 S and Ce 2 O 3 . Li [35] and Gong et al [36] demonstrated that La could modify the inclusions in steel to La-Al-O, La-O-S, La-S, and other La-containing inclusions. It was clear that the individual addition of Ce or La to steel would form Ce-containing or La-containing inclusions, respectively.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Calculation Of Rare Earth Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rare earth on inclusion evolution and corrosion resistance of HRB400E steel

Huang

Geng

et al. 2022

Materials & Corrosion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of rare earth elements Ce and La on the evolution behavior of inclusions in HRB400E steel was studied through experimental observations and thermodynamic calculations. Neutral salt spray corrosion experiments were also conducted to investigate the effect of Ce–La on the corrosion resistance of steel. The results showed that the typical inclusions in steel without rare earth were MnS and MnO–SiO2. A small amount of Mn–Si–O–S inclusions was also observed. After adding rare earth, the typical inclusions were transformed into isolated (Ce,La)2O2S, (Ce,La)2O3 + MnS, and (Ce,La)2O2S + MnS complex inclusions. The thermodynamic calculations indicated that the rare earth elements in molten steel preferentially reacted with MnO–SiO2 inclusions and dissolved oxygen and sulfur to form (Ce,La)2O3 and (Ce,La)2O2S. Small amounts of [S] and [Mn] adhered to the surface of the nucleated rare earth inclusions to form complex inclusions. After Ce–La treatment, the corrosion rate of the steel decreased from 3.491 to 1.992 mm year−1, and the corrosion resistance was improved. The change in corrosion behavior is due to the modification of the inclusions into rare earth inclusions with good compatibility with the steel matrix.

show abstract

Section: Thermodynamic Calculation Of Rare Earth Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rare earth on inclusion evolution and corrosion resistance of HRB400E steel

Huang

Geng

et al. 2022

Materials & Corrosion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28][29] To date, however, no systematic summary of research on the physical metallurgy of Te in special steels has been presented. Additionally, in the field of inclusion modification, calcium, [30][31][32] magnesium, [33] rare earth, [34][35][36] and composite treatments [37][38][39] are commonly applied. These treatments have also been applied to the S-bearing NQTS in laboratory experiments.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/srin202200375mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review

Tian

et al. 2022

steel research int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1782, Franz-Joseph Müller von Richenstein, a chemist, discovered a rare element with properties similar to those of selenium (Se). In 1798, Martin H. Klaproth, a German chemist, rediscovered this semi-metallic substance and named it tellurium (Te). [1] Te is mainly concentrated in scattered telluride minerals, sulfide mineral structure of most gold deposits, and bismuth tailings. However, in nature, Te appears in quantities that are considered negligible [2] and is mainly extracted from the ore. Generally, concentrations of 1% to 4% Te can be recovered from the anode slime of an electrolytic copper (Cu) refinery. [3] It has been reported that seafloor ferromanganese nodules are rich in Te; however, the recovery of seafloor minerals is still in its infancy. [3] In organic chemistry, Te can also be produced by the reaction of organic matter with metal compounds of Te. [4] Te plays an important role in chemicals, electronics, inorganic nonmetallic materials, metallurgy, and other industries. [5][6][7][8] Tellurides are considered excellent materials for thermoelectric technologies. [9][10][11][12][13] Te is also widely used nonferrous metallurgy and iron and steel metallurgy. Te can significantly improve the properties of Cu-, tin (Sn)-, and lead (Pb)-based alloys, steels, and cast irons. In the iron and steel metallurgical industry, Te is usually utilized as an added element in steels to refine the grains, regulate the morphology and occurrence state of sulfides in steels, and improve the mechanical properties of steels. [14,15] Te is widely used to increase the machinability of steels. Therefore, Te-bearing steel is typically used to manufacture parts with high precision, high surface quality, and rapid cutting. The forms of Te in different type of steel vary. In addition to the usual states of Fe 1.2 Te and MnTe, [16,17] PbTe [18] is formed in Pb-alloyed steels; Cr 2 Te 3 , [19,20] stainless steels; and CuTe, Cu-alloyed steels. [21] In addition, composite particles formed by telluride and sulfide have been reported in Te-treated sulfur (S)-bearing steel. [22][23][24] In recent years, Te has been added to S-bearing steels, such as free-cutting steel and medium-carbon microalloyed steel, also called nonquenched and tempered steel (NQTS) in China, to reduce the aspect ratio of sulfide and the anisotropy of steel. [23,24]

show abstract

“…[4] Al 2 O 3 and AlN inclusions are hard and brittle and can deteriorate the properties of steel. [5][6][7] Li et al [8] previously reported a method for controlling Al 2 O 3 formation by adding rare-earth La to high-Al steel; however, the formation of AlN inclusions remained a significant problem, and excess La even promoted AlN formation. Based on the combination ability of Ti and N, we added Ti to TRIP steel to control the formation of AlN inclusion in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ti Addition on Non‐Metallic Inclusion Characteristics in TRIP Steel

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2022

steel research int.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herein, the effect of Ti addition on the formation and evolution of inclusions in high‐Al transformation‐induced plasticity (TRIP) steel is investigated by performing a series of laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations for different quantities and sequences of Ti addition. Before the addition of Al and Ti, the main inclusions are spherical Mn–Si–Al–O oxide particles. The addition of Al transforms the Mn–Si–Al–O inclusions to Al2O3 inclusion. After the subsequent addition of 0.02 wt% Ti, the main inclusions are Al2O3, AlN, Al2O3–AlN, Al2O3–TiN, and Al2O3–AlN–TiN. However, after the subsequent addition of 0.05 or 0.12 wt% Ti to molten steel, the main inclusions are Al2O3, TiN, and Al2O3–TiN, and almost no AlN is observed. Using different addition sequences of Al and Ti to high‐Al TRIP steel does not result in significant differences in the types of inclusions. Adding Ti to molten steel does not transform Al2O3 to Ti‐oxides, whereas Al addition causes Ti‐oxides to be transformed to Al2O3. Importantly, adding over 0.05 wt% Ti to TRIP steel prevents the formation of AlN inclusion.

show abstract

Effect of Rare‐Earth La on Inclusion Evolution in High‐Al Steel

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of rare earth on inclusion evolution and corrosion resistance of HRB400E steel

Effect of rare earth on inclusion evolution and corrosion resistance of HRB400E steel

Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review

Effect of Ti Addition on Non‐Metallic Inclusion Characteristics in TRIP Steel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About