Effect of Raw Field Bean &lt;i&gt;(Vicia faba) &lt;/i&gt;on Amino-Acid-Degrading Enzymes in Rats and Chicks

Self Cite

Rats fed on Vicia faba as source of protein grew less than those fed a casein control diet. However, no differences were found on protein content of whole body, liver, muscle, and myofibrillar fraction. Nitrogen balance values were significantly higher in animals fed the casein diet than in those nourished with V. faba as source of protein. Minor differences due to the protein level of the diets were found. Retained nitrogen values were similar in all dietary groups. The inclusion of V.faba in the diet did not affect specifically muscle mass and protein distribution. It is suggested that differences reported in nitrogen balance are a consequence, at least in part, of the impairment of growth, although some other factors must be involved in this phenomenon.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Influence of Diets Containing Different Levels of Vicia faba L. as Source of Protein on Body Protein Composition and Nitrogen Balance of Growing Rats

Martinez¹,

Larralde²

1984

Self Cite

“…A significant increase of alanine amino transferase, which helps in the synthesis of glutamate and thus functions as a donor of NH3 group in urea synthesis, aids in the increased catabolism of amino acids [7], A marked increase of aspartate aminotransfer ase also supports this concept, since aspartate is used for urea formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…23, 27], Many investigators have reported the factors in volved in this phenomenon [1,10,19] and a hypothesis that growth inhibition is largely due to the presence of trypsin or proteinase inhibitors, present in an active form, in raw legumes has been proposed [ 18,24], It has been reported that raw legumes have an influence on the urinary nitrogenous compounds as well as amino acid-degrading enzymes [7]. It has been observed in this lab oratory that green gram (Phaseolus aureus Roxb).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dietary Raw Green Gram (Phaseolus aureus Roxb) and Green Gram Trypsin Inhibitors on the Activity of Certain Protein Metabolism Enzymes in Rats

Sathyamoorthy¹,

Kamalakannan²,

Motlag³

1981

The influence of a raw green gram (RGG) diet, an autoclaved green gram (AGG) diet and green gram trypsin inhibitors (GGTI) incorporated in AGG diet on urinary and blood urea and creatinine levels in rats was studied. The activities of certain liver enzymes of pathways associated with protein or amino acid metabolism were also studied. The levels of urea and creatinine in urine and blood were found to be significantly increased in rats fed the RGG and GGTI-incorporated AGG diets when compared to the animals fed with the AGG diet. The levels of enzyme activities of arginase, ornithine transcarbamoylase, aspartate amino-transferase and alanine aminotransferase were also found to be significantly increased along with that of urea and creatinine. The possible role of GGTI on the altered levels of the above-mentioned parameters is discussed.

“…The effects we observed on liver composition suggest that the liver metabolism was affected by the replacement of LA or CA with L-ISO. Previous rat studies using legume-based diets have also reported significant effects on relative liver weights, composition, and enzyme activity [18,[34][35][36] . We hypothesize that differences in protein intestinal absorption may affect the liver protein metabolism which in turn is reflected by tissue composition differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Lupin (Lupinus albus) Protein Isolate (L-ISO) Has Adequate Nutritional Value and Reduces Large Intestinal Weight in Rats after Restricted and ad libitum Feeding

Caligari

Chiesa²,

Johnson³

et al. 2006

Background: A protein isolate from white lupin (Lupinus albus; L-ISO) has potential as a novel human food ingredient, but its nutritional effects are unknown. Methods: We evaluated protein quality and effects on body composition in rats of isoenergic diets of L-ISO, lactalbumin, or casein with both restricted (10-day) and ad libitum (28-day)intake. The diets were equivalent in protein per se, but supplementation was used to balance essential amino acid levels. Results: In both studies, the rats consumed similar amounts of each diet, and no effect of diet on the gain:feed ratio was observed – though gain:N ratio and net protein utilization were slightly lower for the L-ISO diet. Lower large intestinal weights after the L-ISO than after the lactalbumin diet were observed in both studies. The L-ISO diet resulted in lowered body fat percentage in the 10-day study but in an elevated level in the 28-day study. Liver composition (DNA, RNA, glycogen, and fat) and plasma levels of some amino acids (His, Thr, Ala, Pro, Tyr, Val and Met) were affected by diet, but no effects on plasma lipid, glucose, or uric acid were observed. Conclusion: The L-ISO diet did not affect feed intake and has adequate nutritional quality in rats whilst modifying large intestinal weight in a potentially beneficial manner – suggesting potential for this protein in human nutrition.