Effect of reclaimed asphalt pavement in granular base layers on predicted pavement performance in Egypt

Mousa, Eman; El-Badawy, Sherif M.; Azam, Abdelhalim

doi:10.1007/s41062-020-00301-2

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The structural design of flexible pavement is a function of traffic loads, climate conditions, the construction materials' mechanical properties, and the soil subgrade's stiffness [1][2][3]. The flexible pavement sections are constructed from bituminous surface materials and unbound granular materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that determining the exact causes of certain distresses can be difficult but these can be recognized by a correct understanding of the interactions between the flexible pavement, environmental conditions and traffic levels [9]. In addition, several studies have predicted pavement performance using the available software such as AASHTOWare pavement ME design software and quality-related specification software (QRSS) [1,2,[10][11][12][13][14]. Asphalt concrete (AC) rutting and bottom-up fatigue cracking are the predicted problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of Terrestrial Laser Scanner in Detecting Pavement Surface Defects

et al. 2023

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An entire roadway system represents a crucial element in the sustainable urban transportation planning process. Pavement surfaces are at continual risk of accumulating serious deteriorations and defects throughout their service life due to traffic loading and environmental impact. Since roadway networks are growing rapidly, relying on visual pavement inspection is not always feasible. Therefore, this paper proposes an effective assessment method for evaluating flexible pavement surface distresses using a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and calculating the pavement condition index (PCI). The proposed terrestrial laser scanner method results in road condition assessments becoming faster, safer, and more systematic. It also aims to determine the geometric characteristics of the investigated roads. A major road in Egypt was selected to test the proposed technique and compare it with the traditional visual inspection method. The evaluation was carried out to assess different types of pavement distress, such as cracking, rutting, potholes, and raveling distresses. Every pavement distress was defined in terms of surface area, the width of the crack, and intensity, and the data from TLS were then processed by MAGNET COLLAGE software. A MATLAB program was developed to match the TLS observational data to plane equations. PAVER software was also used to determine the PCI values for each TLS position. The revealed distresses for the investigated road using TLS observations reveal a significant improvement in determining flexible pavement distresses and geometric characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Terrestrial Laser Scanner in Detecting Pavement Surface Defects

et al. 2023

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“…Several studies examined pavement performance in terms of common distresses such as rutting and fatigue and methods for predicting pavement performance. For example, Mousa et al used multi-layer elastic analysis software (KENLAYER) to predict the performance of constructed pavement with a base layer consisting of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)/virgin aggregate blends, taking into account the horizontal tensile strain at the bottom of the AC layer and the vertical resilient strain at critical locations within the pavement system [5]. They calculated the total pavement rutting and fatigue cracking using the critical strains computed by the multi-layer elastic analysis and the performance models and transfer functions from the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide.…”

Section: Introduction and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Pavement Condition Index Using Fuzzy Logic Technique

et al. 2022

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The fuzzy logic technique is one of the effective approaches for evaluating flexible and rigid pavement distress. The process of classifying pavement distress is usually performed by visual inspection of the pavement surface or using data collected by automated distress measurement equipment. Fuzzy mathematics provides a convenient tool for incorporating subjective analysis, uncertainty in pavement condition index, and maintenance-needs assessment, and can greatly improve consistency and reduce subjectivity in this process. This paper aims to develop a fuzzy logic-based system of pavement condition index and maintenance-needs evaluation for a pavement road network by utilizing pavement distress data from the U.S. and Canada. Considering rutting, fatigue cracking, block cracking, longitudinal cracking, transverse cracking, potholes, patching, bleeding, and raveling as input variables, the variables were fuzzified into fuzzy subsets. The fuzzy subsets of the variables were considered to have triangular membership functions. The relationships between nine pavement distress parameters and PCI were represented by a set of fuzzy rules. The fuzzy rules relating input variables to the output variable of sediment discharge were laid out in the IF–THEN format. The commonly used weighted average method was employed for the defuzzification procedure. The coefficient of determination (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) were used as the performance indicator metrics to evaluate the performance of analytical models.

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“…It was developed based on the MEPDG predictions from a large matrix of presolved pavement structures under different traffic and climatic conditions, using a range of material properties that cover the wide variety of practical cases a designer may face. Even though the QRSS software has been effectively used in many research studies, it should be noted that it only predicts distresses in the Asphalt Concrete (AC) layer(s) [42][43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Mechanistic-Empirical Flexible Pavement Design Method for Moderate to Hot Climate Regions

2021

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Flexible pavement structure design is a complex task because of the variability of design input parameters and complex failure mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop and implement a simplified Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) pavement design method based on the 1993 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 9-22, and NCHRP 1-37A and 1-40D projects. This simplified methodology is implemented into a computer code and a user-friendly software called “ME-PAVE”. In this methodology, only two equivalent temperatures, as per the NCHRP 9-22 project, are estimated to adjust the dynamic modulus of the asphalt layer(s) for Asphalt Concrete (AC) rutting and AC fatigue cracking prediction instead of using the hourly climatic data, as in the AASHTOWare Pavement ME. In ME-PAVE, the structural responses at critical locations in the pavement structure are determined by a Finite Element Module (FEM), which is verified by a Multi-layer Elastic Analysis (MLEA) program. To ensure that the simplified methodology is practical and accurate, the incorporated transfer functions in the proposed simplified methodology are calibrated based on the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) data. Based on statistical analyses, the built-in FEM results exhibit very similar trends to those yielded by MLEA, with a coefficient of determination, R2 of 1.0. For all practical purposes, the proposed methodology, despite all simplifications, yields acceptable prediction accuracy with R2 of 0.317 for the rut depth compared to the current practices, NCHRP 1-37A and 1-40D (R2 = 0.399 and 0.577, respectively); while the prediction accuracy for fatigue cracking with R2 of 0.382 is comparable to the NCHRP 1-40D with R2 of 0.275. Nonetheless, the standard error for both distresses is in good agreement based on the investigated data and the developed methodology. Finally, the conducted sensitivity analysis demonstrate that the proposed methodology produces rational pavement performance.

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Effect of reclaimed asphalt pavement in granular base layers on predicted pavement performance in Egypt

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Applications of Terrestrial Laser Scanner in Detecting Pavement Surface Defects

Applications of Terrestrial Laser Scanner in Detecting Pavement Surface Defects

Predicting Pavement Condition Index Using Fuzzy Logic Technique

A Simplified Mechanistic-Empirical Flexible Pavement Design Method for Moderate to Hot Climate Regions

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