Abstract:Application of scrap rubber and worn out tires in natural rubber compounds has been studied. The scrap rubber can, however, be recycled and compounded with natural rubber and thus can be generated as a rubber composite. In this work, recycled rubber particles (RRP) were prepared using pulverization process. Then, RRP was blended with natural rubber and silica compounds, and it was synthesized by two-roll mill and hydraulic press at specified operating conditions. The samples ranging from 0 to 40 phr of RRP loa… Show more
“…In comparison, it can be observed that pure silicone rubber specimens possessed the highest tensile strength compared to 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite specimens. A similar behaviour has been reported by Chandran et al, where the increment of fibre content has resulted in lower tensile strength compared to 0 % fibre loading [23]. Fig.…”
Due to high flexibility and elasticity, silicone rubber has been widely used in many applications especially in medical and industrial sectors. However, pure silicone rubber experiences weak tensile strength and this can be improved via filler addition. Therefore, this paper aims to produce a new type of silicone biocomposite (Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite) and assess its mechanical properties, physical properties and morphological characteristics. The effects of Arenga pinnata filler on the silicone rubber are investigated by comparing the mechanical properties between pure silicone rubber and 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite. Uniaxial tensile test was conducted on these soft materials to obtain stress-strain data, which then converted into engineering stress-stretch (σE-λ) data. These experimental data were fitted to Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models to acquire the material constants. Its physical characteristic was studied via density test and the morphological surface on the break surface was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The average maximum tensile strength of the specimen with the addition of 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata filler is found to be 0.65 MPa. This signifies a decrease of its strength compared to pure silicone rubber (average maximum tensile strength = 0.85 MPa). However, in contrary, it is found that the presence of Arenga pinnata fibre has increased the stiffness and density of the silicone rubber. When comparing to experimental data, it could be observed that both Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models could mimic better the elastic behaviour of the 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite compared to pure silicone rubber. Observing the SEM images, no agglomerations of Arenga pinnata filler can be seen thus conforming good dispersion of the filler. The images also show good fibre adhesion between the filler and the matrix. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of Arenga pinnata filler has enhanced properties of pure silicone rubber. In addition, this study promotes the benefits of utilising natural fibres as fillers in composite materials.
“…In comparison, it can be observed that pure silicone rubber specimens possessed the highest tensile strength compared to 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite specimens. A similar behaviour has been reported by Chandran et al, where the increment of fibre content has resulted in lower tensile strength compared to 0 % fibre loading [23]. Fig.…”
Due to high flexibility and elasticity, silicone rubber has been widely used in many applications especially in medical and industrial sectors. However, pure silicone rubber experiences weak tensile strength and this can be improved via filler addition. Therefore, this paper aims to produce a new type of silicone biocomposite (Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite) and assess its mechanical properties, physical properties and morphological characteristics. The effects of Arenga pinnata filler on the silicone rubber are investigated by comparing the mechanical properties between pure silicone rubber and 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite. Uniaxial tensile test was conducted on these soft materials to obtain stress-strain data, which then converted into engineering stress-stretch (σE-λ) data. These experimental data were fitted to Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models to acquire the material constants. Its physical characteristic was studied via density test and the morphological surface on the break surface was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The average maximum tensile strength of the specimen with the addition of 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata filler is found to be 0.65 MPa. This signifies a decrease of its strength compared to pure silicone rubber (average maximum tensile strength = 0.85 MPa). However, in contrary, it is found that the presence of Arenga pinnata fibre has increased the stiffness and density of the silicone rubber. When comparing to experimental data, it could be observed that both Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models could mimic better the elastic behaviour of the 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite compared to pure silicone rubber. Observing the SEM images, no agglomerations of Arenga pinnata filler can be seen thus conforming good dispersion of the filler. The images also show good fibre adhesion between the filler and the matrix. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of Arenga pinnata filler has enhanced properties of pure silicone rubber. In addition, this study promotes the benefits of utilising natural fibres as fillers in composite materials.
“…Under vibration, these bonds act as energy dissipation points and increase the damping ratio of the composite by dissipating energy in the form of heat. 39 Moreover, the high damping and energy dissipation features of the tire powder led to the loss of energy in the form of heat under vibration. 18,22,41 Figure 9.The damping ratio of the first three modes for PP/WGRT/CaCO 3 plates with one edge clamped support condition containing different weight percentages of CaCO 3 and WGRT.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, nanoparticles tend to be placed at the interface of the tire powder and the polymer matrix, thus enhancing the cross-links density and increasing Young's modulus of ternary nanocomposites. 39 The reduction of Young's modulus of the nanocomposite with 30 wt.% WGRT and 15 wt.% nanoparticles can be assigned to the agglomeration of nanoparticles.…”
Section: Experimental Analysis Of Vibrational Propertiesmentioning
In this study, the effect of the simultaneous incorporation of different contents of CaCO3 nanoparticles (NPs) and waste ground rubber tire powder (WGRT) on the forced vibration behavior of polypropylene (PP) was experimentally investigated. Hammer test with modal analysis was performed to investigate the vibrational behavior of the composite plates with one edge clamped (CFFF) support condition. Microstructural assessment of composites using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) images showed that a rise in CaCO3 nanoparticles in small weight percentages led to better dispersion and a decline in the tire phase size in the small weight percentage of WGRT. Moreover, a comparison of the modal analysis results revealed that all ternary composites, except in the first mode, had a higher damped natural frequency than pure PP. The damping ratio of all ternary composites, especially in the first and second modes, was higher than pure PP, which is due to the combined effect of WGRT and CaCO3 nanoparticles in increasing energy dissipation and damping of composites.
“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Specifically, the laminated composites are gaining importance in mechanical and aerospace applications such as fuel tanks, rocket motor cases, pipes, pressure vessels, and so on, due to their high-specific stiffness and strength. [13,14,[43][44][45][46] These laminated composites show significant properties in comparison with randomly oriented composites. [47] Further, few studies show the effect of water absorption of FML laminates.…”
Fiber metal laminates (FML) are promising material candidates in several applications such as aerospace, marine, and construction industries due to their high strength, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, and fatigue properties. However, these materials have a negative impact on the environment due to their higher carbon footprint. This problem could be overcome by hybridizing carbon material with natural biodegradable materials. It is assumed that the higher moisture absorption and lower thermal properties of such materials may affect the longterm stability of the FML. Hence, an attempt is made in this work to evaluate their stability potential by investigating the influence of the addition of natural jute fiber in carbon reinforced aluminum laminate (CARALL) on FML and report their physical effect of stacking sequence on dynamic, mechanical, and thermal properties. In addition, the medium-term absorption kinetics of jute fiber hybridized CARALL, that is, carbon-jute reinforced aluminum laminate (CAJRALL) were performed. The results show that the tensile load bearing capacity of all the immersed laminates decreases at the end of 2 weeks of immersion. Further, CAJRALL was found to possess moderate thermal stability by yielding fewer thermal residues on burning. Finally, the outcome of dynamic mechanical analysis of the hybridized FML reveals that they are capable of storing relatively higher elastic and viscous energies under dynamic conditions with increased damping capability when compared to CARALL. From this study, it is worth to point out that hybridization of CARALL with jute fiber plays a pivotal role in improving environmental friendliness with a lower impact on the overall material properties.
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