Effect of Regular Aerobic Activity in Young Healthy Athletes on Profile of Endothelial Function and Platelet Activity

Podgórska, Katarzyna; Derkacz, Arkadiusz; Szahidewicz-Krupska, Ewa; Jasiczek, Jakub; Dobrowolski, Piotr; Radziwon‐Balicka, Aneta; Skomro, Robert; Szuba, Andrzej; Mazur, Grzegorz; Doroszko, Adrian

doi:10.1155/2017/8715909

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Several sources of evidence agree that acute aerobic exercise improves endothelial function [3]. In accordance with our findings, subjects on regular physical activity present improved endothelial function compared to physically inactive subjects [30], while the prospective follow up of subjects adopting an exercise training program confirms the beneficial effects on endothelial function [31]. Concerning the underlying mechanism implicated in the association of endothelial function with exercise, the production of nitric oxide (NO) by the endothelium is of great importance [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-Intensity Endurance and Strength Training in Water Polo Olympic Team Players: Impact on Arterial Wall Properties

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Regular physical activity is recommended to minimize health risk. However, the upper intensity threshold associated with the best health outcomes is difficult to be determined. Water polo (WP) Olympic athletes present unique characteristics such as high-intensity exercise, long training sessions, and a combination of endurance and strength training. Therefore, we examined in which way the long-term, intense, mixed endurance and strength training affects the peripheral and central hemodynamics. Methods: The study population consisted of 20 WP Olympic team players, 20 matched recreationally active (RA) subjects, and 20 sedentary control subjects (Cl). Reflected waves were assessed with the augmentation index (AIx), central aortic stiffness with pulse wave velocity (PWV), and endothelial function with flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Results: Amongst Cl subjects, RA subjects, and WP players, there was no difference in age (p = 0.33) as well as in brachial systolic pressure (p = 0.52), while there was a stepwise decrease in aortic systolic pressure (116 ± 16 mm Hg vs. 107 ± 14 mm Hg vs. 106 ± 6 mm Hg, p = 0.03). There was also a stepwise improvement in AIx (–4.22 ± 9.97% vs. –6.97 ± 11.28% vs. –12.14 ± 6.62%, p = 0.03) and FMD (6.61 ± 1.78% vs. 7.78 ± 1.98% vs. 8.3 ± 2.05%, p = 0.04) according to the intensity of exercise, with WP players having lower AIx and higher FMD compared to RA subjects and Cl subjects. No difference was found in PWV (Cl: 5.88 ± 0.72 m/s vs. RA: 6.04 ± 0.75 m/s vs. WP: 5.97 ± 1.09 m/s, p = 0.82) among the three studied groups. Conclusions: Young WP Olympic team players depict improved arterial wall properties and endothelial function compared to RA and Cl subjects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-Intensity Endurance and Strength Training in Water Polo Olympic Team Players: Impact on Arterial Wall Properties

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, ultrasound-derived β and Ep of the CCA were lower in ten young adult basketball players than in sedentary controls (Liu et al, 2015 ). In addition, higher flow-mediated dilation was observed in young adult athletes than in inactive controls (Podgorska et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Carotid Elasticity but Altered Central Hemodynamics and Carotid Structure in Young Athletes

Baumgartner

Weberruß

Appel

et al. 2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Young athletes most often exceed the physical activity recommendations of the World Health Organization. Therefore, they are of special interest for investigating cardiovascular adaptions to exercise. This study aimed to examine the arterial structure and function of young athletes 12–17 years old and compare these parameters to reference values of healthy cohorts. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), carotid diameter, cIMT÷carotid diameter-ratio (cIDR), arterial compliance (AC), elastic modulus (Ep), β stiffness index (β), and carotid pulse wave velocity (PWVβ) were determined using ultrasound in 331 young athletes (77 girls; mean age, 14.6 ± 1.30 years). Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) and aortic PWV (aPWV) were measured using the oscillometric device Mobil-O-Graph. Standard deviation scores (SDS) of all parameters were calculated according to German reference values. The 75th and 90th percentiles were defined as the threshold for elevated cIMT and arterial stiffness, respectively. Activity behavior was assessed with the MoMo physical activity questionnaire, and maximum power output with a standard cardiopulmonary exercise test. One-sample t-tests were performed to investigate the significant deviations in SDS values compared to the value “0”. All subjects participated in competitive sports for at least 6 h per week (565.6 ± 206.0 min/week). Of the 331 young athletes, 135 (40.2%) had cIMT >75th percentile, 71 (21.5%) had cSBP >90th percentile, and 94 (28.4%) had aPWV>90th percentile. We observed higher cIMT SDS (p < 0.001), cIDR SDS (p = 0.009), and AC SDS (p < 0.001) but lower β SDS (p < 0.001), Ep SDS (p < 0.001), and PWVβ SDS (p < 0.001) compared to the reference cohort. The cSBP SDS (p < 0.001) and aPWV SDS (p < 0.001) were elevated. In conclusion, cIMT and cIDR were higher in young athletes than in a reference cohort. Furthermore, young athletes presented better carotid elasticity and lower arterial stiffness of the carotid artery. However, central arterial stiffness was higher compared to the reference cohort. The thickening of the carotid intima-media complex in combination with a reduction in arterial stiffness indicates a physiological adaptation to exercise in youth.

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“…Additionally, prolonged exposure to oxidative damage caused by physical exercise may result in several hormesis adaptations, such as activating antioxidative defense systems [87]. Podgorska et al [88] investigated the impact of aerobic training on athletes' endothelium profile and platelet function. Their findings indicated that no variations in the amounts of NO pathway metabolites existed.…”

Section: Exercise and Stress Oxidative In The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Oxidative Stress and the Therapeutic Approaches to the Intake of Antioxidant Supplements and Physical Activity

2021

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are strongly reactive chemical entities that include oxygen regulated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms. ROS contribute significantly to cell homeostasis in the heart by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and excitation-contraction coupling. When ROS generation surpasses the ability of the antioxidant defense mechanisms to buffer them, oxidative stress develops, resulting in cellular and molecular disorders and eventually in heart failure. Oxidative stress is a critical factor in developing hypoxia- and ischemia-reperfusion-related cardiovascular disorders. This article aimed to discuss the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of cardiac diseases such as hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. This review focuses on the various clinical events and oxidative stress associated with cardiovascular pathophysiology, highlighting the benefits of new experimental treatments such as creatine supplementation, omega-3 fatty acids, microRNAs, and antioxidant supplements in addition to physical exercise

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Effect of Regular Aerobic Activity in Young Healthy Athletes on Profile of Endothelial Function and Platelet Activity

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

High-Intensity Endurance and Strength Training in Water Polo Olympic Team Players: Impact on Arterial Wall Properties

High-Intensity Endurance and Strength Training in Water Polo Olympic Team Players: Impact on Arterial Wall Properties

Improved Carotid Elasticity but Altered Central Hemodynamics and Carotid Structure in Young Athletes

Cardiac Oxidative Stress and the Therapeutic Approaches to the Intake of Antioxidant Supplements and Physical Activity

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