Effect of reservoir tillage on rainwater harvesting and soil erosion control under a developed rainfall simulator

Effect of integrated reservoir tillage for in-situ rainwater harvesting and other tillage practices on soil physical properties

“…The particle size distribution was determined using the pipette 291 method according to Piper (1950 mm (Oweis and Taimeh, 1996;Boers, 1997;Gammoh, 2013), 352 where: calculated using the following equation (Hensley et al, 2000): There were significant differences between RT and CT in soil properties of soil tillage implements, but also because of their 403 operational variables (Taniguchi et al, 1999;Albiero et al, 2011 Table 5 shows the depth of runoff (mm) and soil losses (t ha other studies (e.g., Rochester et al, 1994;Ventura et al, 2005;493 Patrick et al, 2007;Salem et al, 2014). Detachment and transport 494 by the concentrated flow is one of the main processes involved in 495 soil erosion (Foster and Meyer, 1975 …”

“…Besides enhancing infiltration 42 and soil moisture storage (Kahlon et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2013), it technologies that use rainwater more efficiently are needed. 48 An alternative method to in-situ rainwater harvesting and 49 conservation tillage is reservoir tillage, which has been defined as a 50 system in which numerous small surface depressions are formed to 51 collect and hold water during rainfall or irrigation to prevent 52 surface runoff (Hackwell et al, 1991;Rochester et al, 1994;Patrick 53 et al, 2007;Salem et al, 2014 ridging (Hackwell et al, 1991;Wiyo et al, 2000;Brhane et al, 61 2006; Nuti et al, 2009 the major initial obstacles (Chen et al, 2005). The long-term benefit 119 from conservation tillage cannot be achieved easily, unless producers 120 see that the system works in a short term (Chen et al, 2005 The spiked roller was designed to fit the modified seeder.…”

Surface microrelief changes affect the soil and water conservation benefits of rainwater harvesting tillage operation during rainfall events

“…Reservoir tillage (RT) is a rainwater harvesting tillage technique in which numerous small surface depressions are formed to hold and collect rainwater during rainfall events to improve soil water (Hackwell, Rochester, Yoo, Burt, & Monroe, 1991;Patrick, Kechavarzi, James, Dogherty, & Godwin, 2007). Because the rainwater retained in depressions delays surface runoff generation and improves the availability of water to infiltrate soil, another important role of RT in rainfall processes is to decrease soil erosion on sloping land (Salem, Valero, Angel Muñoz, Gil-Rodríguez, & Barreiro, 2014).…”

The role of supplemental irrigation to crop water use under rainwater harvesting

“…Rainwater harvesting has the potential to prevent soil erosion, water shortage and improve crop productivity when companied with supplementary irrigation (SI) (SALEM et al, 2014;JIANG et al, 2013). Rain water harvesting (RWH) term was used to describe the collection and concentration of runoff for many uses, including agricultural and domestic use (SALEM et al, 2014). WHT has been widely used and has been extended to water-stressed regions around the world for domestic use and SI for improving cultural production in many countries such as China, Brazil, Australia, Germany, India, Japan, New Zealand (JIANG et al, 2013).…”

“…Rainwater harvesting has the potential to prevent soil erosion, water shortage and improve crop productivity when companied with supplementary irrigation (SI) (SALEM et al, 2014;JIANG et al, 2013). Rain water harvesting (RWH) term was used to describe the collection and concentration of runoff for many uses, including agricultural and domestic use (SALEM et al, 2014).…”