Effect of residual stress and microstructure evolution on size stability of M50 bearing steel

Wei, Yuhan; Yu, Xingfu; Su, Yong; Shen, Xiangyang; Xia, Y.Z.; Yang, Weisheng

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.12.060

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Rapid heating with high temperatures can not only refine the grains and improve the strength but also affect the distribution and morphology of austenite due to the overlapping of ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation processes [19]. Furthermore, stress also has a significant effect on microstructure evolution during annealing [20][21][22]. Hydrostatic pressure can offset the chemical driving energy to inhibit volume expansion transformation, such as ferrite, pearlite, bainite, and martensite transformation, and even austenite-ferrite reverse transformation [23][24][25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, stress also has a significant effect on microstructure evolution during annealing [20][21][22]. Hydrostatic pressure can offset the chemical driving energy to inhibit volume expansion transformation, such as ferrite, pearlite, bainite, and martensite transformation, and even austenite-ferrite reverse transformation [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel

et al. 2022

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To attain microstructure transformation and the kinetics of phase transformation under stress during the annealing process, dilatometric curves of phase transformation for Q235 steel were tested using a Gleeble-3500 thermal-mechanical simulator under different uniaxial compressive stresses. The Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) model considering impingement correction was applied to study the phase-transformation kinetics during annealing. The results showed that the grain size increased with increasing uniaxial compressive stresses because it provided additional energy for grain growth. Furthermore, the interfacial migration velocity decreased with increasing stress owing to grain coarsening and a decrease in the density of the α/γ boundary. Meanwhile, the stress reduces the sum of the misfit accommodation energy and interface energy caused by the transformation, and the driving force required for the transformation of austenite to ferrite decreases. Hence, it was concluded that uniaxial compressive stress plays a complex role in the phase transformation, which inhibits interfacial migration and the transformation rate while providing additional energy for the transformation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel

et al. 2022

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“…Initially, the high-temperature resistant steels, such as American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 52100, which can withstand temperatures of 150 °C, were employed as aviation bearing steels [1]. Following World War II, second-generation bearing steels, including M50 and carburized M50NiL (primarily used for bearing steel rings), emerged at a 350 °C usage temperature [3][4][5]. In the 1990s, with the development of computational phase diagrams, the latest third-generation bearing steel, CSS-42L, was introduced; this steel boasted more prominent high-temperature hardness values than its predecessors, reaching 453.8 HV after tempering at 580 °C [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60

Zheng,

Lei,

Huang

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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The effects of carbide precipitation on mechanical performance of Hybrid Steel 60, known as a novel bearing steel, have not been investigated. In this study, the austenite transformation temperatures of Hybrid Steel 60 during heating were revealed by the thermal expansion curve. The temperature and effective activation energy of the second phase precipitation were determined by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve. Different solid solution structures after austenitization were detected using various cooling rates. The solubility temperature was determined based on hardness and residual austenite content. The carbides precipitated at the peak temperature were qualitatively identified using XRD. It was discovered that the temperature points Ac1 and Ac3 of the steel were 786 ℃ and 864 ℃, respectively. In addition, the effect of solid solution temperature on quenching hardness is minimal, while the cooling rate has a greater impact on hardness, reaching a peak at 5 ℃/s. The primary carbide phase in Hybrid Steel 60 is the M7C3 and VC. When the temperature ranges from 500 ℃ to 550 ℃, M23C6 begins to precipitate. As a result, after tempering at 525 ℃, the hardness peak value reached 566 HV.

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“…M50 bearing steel is widely used in the production of gas turbine bearings because of its relatively strong toughness, contact fatigue strength and thermal stability (Liu et al , 2018; Zaretsky, 2012; Wei et al , 2021). The researchers treated M50 by nitriding (Yan et al , 2018) and cold rolling (Wang et al , 2019), which improved the tribological properties of the material to some extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic lubrication effects of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti₃C₂ to improve tribological properties of M50 bearing steel with microporous channels

Huang,

Ma,

Meng

et al. 2024

ILT

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Purpose This paper aims to study the synergistic lubrication effects of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti3C2 to improve the tribological properties of M50 bearing steel with microporous channels. Design/methodology/approach M50 matrix self-lubricating composites (MMSC) were designed and prepared by filling Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti3C2 in the microporous channels of M50 bearing steel. The tribology performance testing of as-prepared samples was executed with a multifunction tribometer. The optimum hole size and lubricant content, as well as self-lubricating mechanism of MMSC, were studied. Findings The tribological properties of MMSC are strongly dependent on the synergistic lubrication effect of MXene–Ti3C2 and Sn–Ag–Cu. When the hole size of microchannel is 1 mm and the content of MXene–Ti3C2 in mixed lubricant is 4 wt.%, MMSC shows the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate. The Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti3C2 are extruded from the microporous channels and spread to the friction interface, and a relatively complete lubricating film is formed at the friction interface. Meanwhile, the synergistic lubrication of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti3C2 can improve the stability of the lubricating film, thus the excellent tribological property of MMSC is obtained. Originality/value The results help in deep understanding of the synergistic lubrication effects of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti3C2 on the tribological properties of M50 bearing steel. This work also provides a useful reference for the tribological design of mechanical components by combining surface texture with solid lubrication. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-12-2023-0381/

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Effect of residual stress and microstructure evolution on size stability of M50 bearing steel

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel

Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel

Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60

Synergistic lubrication effects of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti₃C₂ to improve tribological properties of M50 bearing steel with microporous channels

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Effect of residual stress and microstructure evolution on size stability of M50 bearing steel

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel

Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel

Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60

Synergistic lubrication effects of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti3C2 to improve tribological properties of M50 bearing steel with microporous channels

Contact Info

Product

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Synergistic lubrication effects of Sn–Ag–Cu and MXene–Ti₃C₂ to improve tribological properties of M50 bearing steel with microporous channels