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PurposePsychoeducation interventions (PEIs) have been used as an adjunct treatment for negative psychological outcomes in caregivers of children with cancer. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness of PEIs in reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms and improving health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and coping skills in caregivers of children with cancer.MethodTen English databases were searched to identify studies on PEIs for caregivers of children with cancer. Studies inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) participants who were caregivers of children with cancer receiving treatment; (2) psychoeducational interventions assessing anxiety, depressive symptoms, HRQoL, and coping outcomes; and (3) usual care, waitlist, or active control as a control group. Meta‐analysis and narrative synthesis were used to analyse data.ResultsFourteen randomised control trials were included. PEIs have a beneficial effect on anxiety levels (SMD: −0.59, 95% CI [−0.92, −0.25], p = 0.0007), quality of life (SMD: −0.31, 95% CI [−0.00, −0.61], p = 0.05) and depressive symptoms (SMD: −1.18, 95% CI [−2.08, −0.28], p = 0.01) immediately post‐intervention. The effect of PEIs was maintained at long‐term follow‐up on depressive symptoms (SMD: −0.52, 95% CI [−1.54, −0.36], p = 0.0004). Similarly, the synthesised data suggest that PEIs are effective in improving coping skills.ConclusionThe review provides evidence that PEIs effectively reduce negative psychological outcomes and improve coping skills in caregivers of children with cancer. However, due to methodological flaws and heterogeneity of the interventions evaluated, more research is needed to determine the most effective PEI design and improve the quality of evidence.
PurposePsychoeducation interventions (PEIs) have been used as an adjunct treatment for negative psychological outcomes in caregivers of children with cancer. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness of PEIs in reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms and improving health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and coping skills in caregivers of children with cancer.MethodTen English databases were searched to identify studies on PEIs for caregivers of children with cancer. Studies inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) participants who were caregivers of children with cancer receiving treatment; (2) psychoeducational interventions assessing anxiety, depressive symptoms, HRQoL, and coping outcomes; and (3) usual care, waitlist, or active control as a control group. Meta‐analysis and narrative synthesis were used to analyse data.ResultsFourteen randomised control trials were included. PEIs have a beneficial effect on anxiety levels (SMD: −0.59, 95% CI [−0.92, −0.25], p = 0.0007), quality of life (SMD: −0.31, 95% CI [−0.00, −0.61], p = 0.05) and depressive symptoms (SMD: −1.18, 95% CI [−2.08, −0.28], p = 0.01) immediately post‐intervention. The effect of PEIs was maintained at long‐term follow‐up on depressive symptoms (SMD: −0.52, 95% CI [−1.54, −0.36], p = 0.0004). Similarly, the synthesised data suggest that PEIs are effective in improving coping skills.ConclusionThe review provides evidence that PEIs effectively reduce negative psychological outcomes and improve coping skills in caregivers of children with cancer. However, due to methodological flaws and heterogeneity of the interventions evaluated, more research is needed to determine the most effective PEI design and improve the quality of evidence.
The goal was to present preliminary research results on how parents cope with the illness of a child using the Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) after it had been culturally adapted and its psychometric properties evaluated. Design and methods: Taking part in the study were 459 parents of children with asthma (n = 230) or suffering pain (n = 229).A. Results: The content validity of the coefficient of variation ratio (CVR) for each item on the scale ranged from 0.84 to 1.00. Exploratory factor analysis by principal components method with Equamax rotation confirmed the three-factor structure of the test. THe theoretical validity of the tool was confirmed by intercorrelation matrix analysis, and the criterion validity of the CHIP test was evaluated based on analysis of intergroup differences regarding individual measurements of coping by parents of children diagnosed with asthma but differentiated by need of regular medication. CHIP has high Cronbach alpha coefficients values: 0.80-0.86. Results indicate that the children's parents rate as moderately helpful the Support (2.23, ± 0.60) and Family (2.17, ± 0.55) styles. Parents rated the Medical style as least helpful in coping (1.75, ± 0,59). Conclusions: This study confirms both the accuracy and the reliability of the CHIP test, and the obtained coefficient values indicate that the tool can be used for individual and for scientific research. Practice implications: The study shows that assessment of the manner of a parent's coping with the illness of a child is influenced by the child's gender and place of residence.
Background Interventions to foster resilience may promote mental health recovery after exposure to stressors. However, comprehensive systematic syntheses of such evidence in family members of pediatric cancer patients are lacking. Objective To systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence for the effects of psychological interventions at fostering resilience in family members of pediatric cancer patients. Methods PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and 9 other databases were searched for articles published until March 2023. Empirical studies on psychological interventions to improve resilience in family members of pediatric cancer patients were included. Full-text and quality appraisals were performed independently by 2 reviewers. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results Seventeen studies were included, of which 10 were included in the meta-analyses. There was a positive effect of interventions on resilience at postintervention time points, but no effects on depressive symptoms, stress, or well-being. The improvement in resilience was sustained in the short term (≤3 months) and medium term (>3 to ≤6 months), with delayed effects on depressive symptoms and stress. In the 6 studies that reported moderate effect sizes, the interventions comprised problem-solving skills, cognitive strategies, promotion of personal strength, and social resources. Conclusion The findings indicated that psychological interventions targeting resilience have the potential to positively affect the resilience and mental health outcomes of family members, particularly parents. Implications for Practice Psychological interventions targeting resilience hold promise in improving the mental health of family members. Future interventions should clearly specify the characteristics of the intervention, such as mode of delivery, format, and duration.
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