Effect of resin content and substrate on the emission of BTEX and carbonyls from low-VOC water-based wall paint

Zhao, Ping; Cheng, Yu-Hsiang; Lin, Chi-Chi; Cheng, Yingliang

doi:10.1007/s11356-015-5616-y

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The strong correlations indicate that the VOCs in different dwellings originate from the common sources. For instance, the major aromatic compounds are typically emitted simultaneously from solvents used for indoor decoration 65 and from the air infiltration from the attached garage (described in Section 3.3).…”

Section: Summary Comparisons Of Voc Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds in 169 energy‐efficient dwellings in Switzerland

Shen

Perret²,

Jörin

et al. 2020

Indoor Air

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Indoor Air. 2020;30:481-491. | 481 wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ina 1 | INTRODUC TI ON Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important gaseous pollutants, because many of them have known adverse effects on human health and comfort, ranging from mild irritation to acute toxicity and carcinogenicity. 1-4 Indoors, VOCs are the most prevalent air pollutants and also the most studied. Lowering indoor VOC concentrations can improve working productivity and reduce health effects. 5,6 Indoor VOC concentrations are influenced by different factors, such as building characteristics, occupants' behaviors, and environmental parameters. 7-10 Specifically in residential buildings where people spend 68% of their time, 11 known sources of VOCs Abstract Exposure to elevated levels of certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in households has been linked to deleterious health effects. This study presents the first largescale investigation of VOC levels in 169 energy-efficient dwellings in Switzerland. Through a combination of physical measurements and questionnaire surveys, we investigated the influence of diverse building characteristics on indoor VOCs. Among 74 detected compounds, carbonyls, alkanes, and alkenes were the most abundant. Median concentration levels of formaldehyde (14 μg/m 3 ), TVOC (212 μg/m 3 ), benzene (<0.1 μg/m 3 ), and toluene (22 μg/m 3 ) were below the upper exposure limits. Nonetheless, 90% and 50% of dwellings exceeded the chronic exposure limits for formaldehyde (9 μg/m 3 ) and TVOC (200 μg/m 3 ), respectively. There was a strong positive correlation among VOCs that likely originated from common sources. Dwellings built between 1950s and 1990s, and especially, those with attached garages had higher TVOC concentrations. Interior thermal retrofit of dwellings and absence of mechanical ventilation system were associated with elevated levels of formaldehyde, aromatics, and alkanes. Overall, energy-renovated homes had higher levels of certain VOCs compared with newly built homes. The results suggest that energy efficiency measures in dwellings should be accompanied by actions to mitigate VOC exposures as to avoid adverse health outcomes. K E Y W O R D S building characteristics, dwellings, energy efficiency, thermal retrofit, ventilation, volatile organic compounds

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Section: Summary Comparisons Of Voc Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds in 169 energy‐efficient dwellings in Switzerland

Shen

Perret²,

Jörin

et al. 2020

Indoor Air

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“…However, known indoor sources include building materials, paints, and cleaning products. 13,[91][92][93] Similarly, infiltrating fuel combustion products may also contribute to indoor alkane concentrations, [94][95][96] but alkanes can also originate from materials common indoors. 13…”

Section: Windows Closedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We chose a two-factor solution to group covarying VOCs, with Factor 2-VOC-ST corresponding to indoor-originating compounds experiencing depletion with window opening, and Factor 1-VOC-ST encompassing compounds that undergo less depletion. Though in general, we observe higher VOC concentration indoors than outdoors, many of the compounds loading into Factor 1 have both outdoor and indoor sources, (eg, o-and p-xylene, decanal) 93,97,98. We provide factor time series and I/I WC over the three natural ventilation conditions inFigure 6.From TAG and VOC adsorbent tube PMF results, we selected several key compounds to illustrate chemical and physical processes occurring as natural ventilation is increased.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of indoor particles and gases and their evolution with natural ventilation

et al. 2019

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Although people in developed nations spend up to 90% of their time indoors, 1,2 the chemistry and composition of indoor air remain understudied, especially compared to the outdoor environment. 3 Evaluating air quality in residential dwellings is particularly important for several reasons. First, although building standards (eg, for minimum air change rates and moisture control) have been established over the past several decades, 4,5 many residential structures fail to meet these standards, especially older buildings. Newer buildings, designed to minimize outdoor-to-indoor infiltration for improved energy efficiency, often have higher concentrations of airborne pollutants that are released indoors from materials and activities. 6,7 Concentrations and composition AbstractThe air composition and reactivity from outdoor and indoor mixing field campaign was conducted to investigate the impacts of natural ventilation (ie, window opening and closing) on indoor air quality. In this study, a thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (TAG) obtained measurements of indoor particle-and gas-phase semi-and intermediately volatile organic compounds both inside and outside a single-family test home. Together with measurements from a suite of instruments, we use TAG data to evaluate changes in indoor particles and gases at three natural ventilation periods. Positive matrix factorization was performed on TAG and adsorbent tube data to explore five distinct chemical and physical processes occurring in the indoor environment. Outdoor-to-indoor transport is observed for sulfate, isoprene epoxydiols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy alkanes. Dilution of indoor species is observed for volatile, non-reactive species including methylcyclohexane and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. Window opening drives enhanced emissions of semi-and intermediately volatile species including TXIB, DEET, diethyl phthalate, and carvone from indoor surfaces. Formation via enhanced oxidation was observed for nonanal and 2-decanone when outdoor oxidants entered the home. Finally, oxidative depletion of gas-phase terpenes (eg, limonene and α-pinene) was anticipated but not observed due to limited measurement resolution and dynamically changing conditions. K E Y W O R D Sfield measurements, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas-particle partitioning, natural ventilation, residential air quality, semivolatile organic compounds

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“…In parallel with the green building rating systems, the formulation of many materials and the practices used in buildings have evolved to be more “environmentally friendly”. Low VOC-emitting building materials and consumer products have reduced VOC concentrations, as demonstrated in Korea [ 24 ], Germany [ 25 ], Taiwan [ 26 ], and elsewhere. LEED and other certification systems also provide credits for using low-emitting materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Conventional and High Performance School Buildings in the U.S.

Zhong

Batterman

2017

IJERPH

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Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been an indoor environmental quality (IEQ) concern in schools and other buildings for many years. Newer designs, construction practices and building materials for “green” buildings and the use of “environmentally friendly” products have the promise of lowering chemical exposure. This study examines VOCs and IEQ parameters in 144 classrooms in 37 conventional and high performance elementary schools in the U.S. with the objectives of providing a comprehensive analysis and updating the literature. Tested schools were built or renovated in the past 15 years, and included comparable numbers of conventional, Energy Star, and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)-certified buildings. Indoor and outdoor VOC samples were collected and analyzed by thermal desorption, gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy for 94 compounds. Aromatics, alkanes and terpenes were the major compound groups detected. Most VOCs had mean concentrations below 5 µg/m3, and most indoor/outdoor concentration ratios ranged from one to 10. For 16 VOCs, the within-school variance of concentrations exceeded that between schools and, overall, no major differences in VOC concentrations were found between conventional and high performance buildings. While VOC concentrations have declined from levels measured in earlier decades, opportunities remain to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) by limiting emissions from building-related sources and by increasing ventilation rates.

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Effect of resin content and substrate on the emission of BTEX and carbonyls from low-VOC water-based wall paint

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Volatile organic compounds in 169 energy‐efficient dwellings in Switzerland

Volatile organic compounds in 169 energy‐efficient dwellings in Switzerland

Analysis of indoor particles and gases and their evolution with natural ventilation

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Conventional and High Performance School Buildings in the U.S.

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