Effect of Rise Distance on Droplets Generated from Bubble Bursting on the Surface of Chromic Acid Solutions

Kuo, Yu-Mei; Wang, Chiu‐Sen

doi:10.1080/15428110208984685

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This result is in good agreement with Kuo & Wang [42], who underlined that it is the droplet creation following the bubble bursting that most contributes to the transfer of non-volatile compounds from liquid to air. It should however be noted that bubbles may either come from the bath sparging with air or from the water dissociation that takes place at the electrodes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

LCA to Evaluate the Environmental Impact for Chemical Pre-treatment in Plastics Metallization

et al. 2016

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The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to calculate the environmental impacts of the current chemical pre-treatment with chromium (VI) for electroplating acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The inventory comprised: the procurement of chemicals; the manufacturing process with successive baths and rinses that requires, in addition to chemicals, energy to heat baths, air agitation, filtration, and so forth, wastewater treatment and air emissions; and also the treatment of sludges from wastewater treatment and exhausted baths. Chromic acid was almost the unique responsible of eco-toxicity (97.5%) and human toxicity-cancer (99.8%) and it was one of the highest contributor to climate change, cumulative energy demand, fossil fuel depletion, human toxicity non-cancer, and in abiotic depletion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

LCA to Evaluate the Environmental Impact for Chemical Pre-treatment in Plastics Metallization

et al. 2016

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“…Kuo and Wang (2002) [15] also underlined that it is the droplet creation following the bubble bursting that most contributes to the transfer of non-volatile compounds from liquid to air. We consider in our study that polluting atmospheric emissions coming from a surface treatment bath come from bubble bursting.…”

Section: Inputs and Outputs Of The Aluminium Treatment Phasementioning

confidence: 95%

Use of LCA to evaluate the environmental benefits of substituting chromic acid anodizing (CAA)

Harscoet

Frœlich

2008

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Chromic acid anodizing processes are currently being replaced in many industrial sectors because of the recognized adverse effect on the environment and health of used hexavalent chromium compounds. The environmental impacts of the existing processes must, however, be quantified in order to constitute a baseline against which the environmental performance of potential alternative options could be compared. The whole life cycle of the process should also be taken into account to ensure that the possible chosen solution for eliminating or lowering chromium (VI) emissions would not drastically damage the overall process performance in other environmental areas. In our study, we used a simplified life cycle assessment methodology that only took into account the key environmental issues of the considered industrial sector. Both the scope and the data needs were reduced by focusing only on significant flows and by using a generic database for steps other than the anodizing one. A precise literature review was carried out to evaluate bath atmospheric emissions. The results of the performed assessment confirmed that the only way to efficiently deal with hexavalent chromium compounds is to substitute the electrolyte used in the bath as the most Cr(VI) emissions are caused by other stages than the main one. Other specific issues, such as water and energy consumptions have, nevertheless, to be studied throughout the whole life cycle of the chemical substitute to monitor performance against CAA.Chromic acid anodizing processes are currently being replaced in many industrial sectors because of the recognized adverse effect on the environment and health of used hexavalent chromium compounds. The environmental impacts of the existing processes must, however, be quantified in order to constitute a baseline against which the environmental performance of potential alternative options could be compared. The whole life cycle of the process should also be taken into account to ensure that the possible chosen solution for eliminating or lowering chromium (VI) emissions would not drastically damage the overall process performance in other environmental areas. In our study, we used a simplified life cycle assessment methodology that only took into account the key environmental issues of the considered industrial sector. Both the scope and the data needs were reduced by focusing only on significant flows and by using a generic database for steps other than the anodizing one. A precise literature review was carried out to evaluate bath atmospheric emissions. The results of the performed assessment confirmed that the only way to efficiently deal with hexavalent chromium compounds is to substitute the electrolyte used in the bath as the most Cr(VI) emissions are caused by other stages than the main one. Other specific issues, such as water and energy consumptions have, nevertheless, to be studied throughout the whole life cycle of the chemical substitute to monitor performance against CAA

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“…The electrolyte was then circulated for preventing to enhance its temperature. 19 In order to create permanent sampling locations, a transparent insulated Plexiglas cylindrical chamber (75 cm height, 55 cm i.d.) was made and installed as the bath overhead ( Figure 3, and H in Figure 2).…”

Section: Mist Generator Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kuo and Wang have constructed an experimental generation system, in which, generation of Cr 6+ mist was performed on the basis of flowing the air through the CrO 3 solution bath. [19][20][21] Because the usage of electroplating process is so diverse that no single technology or material will be able to replace it, this would be the main source of the Cr 6+ emission in the environment as well as the workplace. So, in the present study, a chromium electroplating bath was simulated to generate Cr 6+ in accordance with real industrial sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and performance of chromium mist generator

Tirgar¹,

Golbabaei²,

Nourijelyani

et al. 2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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O gerador de névoa crômica homogênea é uma ferramenta essencial para pesquisas e avaliações científicas, sobre a poluição do ar e seus sistemas de controle. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi projetar e construir um gerador de névoa de cromo e estudar alguns fatores, como altura de amostragem e distâncias entre amostras, em amostragens lado a lado, com o método de amostragem de névoa crômica. O gerador de névoa foi construído, utilizando-se um recipiente de galvanoplastia em cromo, em escala piloto. As concentrações de CrO 3 e ácido sulfúrico para solução de galvanização foram 125 g L -1 e 1,25 g L -1, respectivamente. Para criar locais de amostragem de ar permanentes, uma câmara cilíndrica Plexiglas (75 cm de altura, 55 cm i.d.), foi instalada na parte superior do recipiente. Sessenta furos foram feitos na câmara, distribuídos em três fileiras (20 em cada fileira). As distâncias entre fileiras e furos foram de 15 cm e 7,5 cm, respectivamente. Homogeneidade e efetividade foram estudados pelo método amostragens lado a lado. Assim, 48 agrupamentos de amostras foram coletados em filtros de cloreto de poli vinil (PVC) alojados em cartuhos. Os cartuhos foram localizados/conectados, a 35, 50 e 65 cm acima da superfície da solução, com <7.5 e/ou 7.5-15 cm de distância entre os topos. Todas as amostras foram analisadas de acordo com o método NIOSH 7600. Com base nas análises de variações (ANOVA), não foram observadas diferenças significantes entre os diferentes locais de lado a lado (P=0,82). Também, não houve diferença significante entre as diferentes alturas de amostragens e as distânciais de amostras (P=0,86 para ambas). Entretanto, houve notáveis diferenças entre a média de coeficiente de variação (CV) em várias alturas e distâncias. Chegamos a conclusão, que a maior homogeneidade da névoa crômica poderia ser obtida na altura de 50 cm da superfície da solução do recipiente de galvanização, e distância de amostragens menor do que 7,5 cm.Chromium mist generator is an essential tool for conducting researches and making sciencebased recommendations to evaluate air pollution and its control systems. The purpose of this research was to design and construct a homogenous chromium mist generator and the study of some effective factors including sampling height and distances between samplers in side-by-side sampling on chromium mist sampling method. A mist generator was constructed, using a chromium electroplating bath in pilot scale. Concentration of CrO 3 and sulfuric acid in plating solution was 125 g L -1 and 1.25 g L -1 , respectively. In order to create permanent air sampling locations, a Plexiglas cylindrical chamber (75 cm height, 55 cm i.d) was installed the bath overhead. Sixty holes were produced on the chamber in 3 rows (each 20). The distance between rows and holes was 15 and 7.5 cm, respectively. Homogeneity and effective factors were studied via side-by-side air sampling method. So, 48 clusters of samples were collected on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters housed in sampling cassettes. Cassettes were located in 35, 5...

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Effect of Rise Distance on Droplets Generated from Bubble Bursting on the Surface of Chromic Acid Solutions

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

LCA to Evaluate the Environmental Impact for Chemical Pre-treatment in Plastics Metallization

LCA to Evaluate the Environmental Impact for Chemical Pre-treatment in Plastics Metallization

Use of LCA to evaluate the environmental benefits of substituting chromic acid anodizing (CAA)

Design and performance of chromium mist generator

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