Effect of row width on splash erosion and throughfall in silage maize crops

Brant, V.; Škeříková, M.; Pivec, J.; Kroulík, M.; Procházka, L.

doi:10.17221/121/2015-swr

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The width of the maize rows is also one of the factors influencing the throughfall and soil erosion. For example, Brant et al (2017) proved the used 0.45 m wide silage maize rows (compared with 0.75 m rows) led to a decrease in the splash erosion in most of the studied years; the authors state positive correlations between the splash erosion values and the aerial precipitation (or throughfall). In the case of 0.75 m rows, the closest dependency between the throughfall and splash erosion was observed in the 125-250 mm zone of inter-rows.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the case of 0.75 m rows, the closest dependency between the throughfall and splash erosion was observed in the 125-250 mm zone of inter-rows. The authors also state that the values of the throughfall/aerial precipitation above the canopy ratio decreased from the centre of the inter-rows (the average value = 53.8%) toward the plant rows (the effect of water drip from leaves) -see also Martello et al (2015); Brant et al (2017) proved the ratio was influenced by both the plant length and the leaf area index. In case of maize, large fractions of rainfall can reach the soil as stemflow and concentrate in near-stem soils (e.g., Lin et al 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Soil-conservation effect of intercrops in silage maize

Kincl¹,

Formánek²,

Vopravil³

et al. 2022

Soil & Water Res.

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More than 50% of agricultural land is threatened by water erosion in the Czech Republic. With respect to soil erosion, maize (Zea mays L.) belongs to the most problematic crops; one of the possibilities to increase protection against erosion is intercropping. In this study, we attempted to find out the effects of individual intercrops and their mixtures (sown 4–6 weeks after sowing maize) or a mixed culture (maize plus lupine) on the soil losses and surface runoff in the period 2019–2021. The study was realised in a sugar beet growing region (Haplic Luvisol); a field rainfall simulator was used. From the used variants with Lolium perenne L., Trifolium repens L., Vicia villosa Roth, Lolium multiflorum Lam., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Triticum aestivum L. or a mixture (Vicia villosa plus a Trifolium hybrid diploid), the variants with Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum, Vicia villosa or Vicia villosa plus the Trifolium hybrid diploid, established between the maize rows (hybrid maize, cultivar Walterinio) on May 27, were the most efficient in case of both the soil losses and runoff reductions in the year 2019. For example, Triticum aestivum between the maize rows mostly reduced the soil losses and the surface runoff was similar (or higher) compared with the control (maize without any intercrop). The variant with Trifolium repens had mostly higher (or similar) soil loss values (compared with the control); in this variant, the runoff was lower compared with the control. We proved our hypothesis with regards to the higher reduction in the soil losses than with the runoff in the variant with Lolium perenne. The results from the years 2020 (the used variants with Lolium multiflorum, Secale cereale L., Trifolium incarnatum L., Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Lolium multiflorum plus Trifolium incarnatum, Lolium multiflorum plus Vicia pannonica Crantz) and 2021 (the variants with Lolium multiflorum, Lolium multiflorum – early sowing, Secale cereale, Trifolium incarnatum, Phacelia tanacetifolia, Lolium multiflorum plus Trifolium incarnatum, a mixed culture = maize plus Lupinus albus L.) showed the variants with Trifolium incarnatum, the mixture (Lolium multiflorum plus Trifolium incarnatum), Phacelia tanacetifolia (in the year 2020) or the mixture (Lolium multiflorum plus Trifolium incarnatum) and a mixed culture (maize plus Lupinus albus) (2021) had the most positive effect – the soil loss and surface runoff values were lower when the maize was > 2 m compared with the maize < 1 m. The results obtained in the period 2019–2021 showed the grasses were the most efficient in decreasing the soil losses when the maize was < 1 m and when the maize was > 2 m with the used mixtures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Soil-conservation effect of intercrops in silage maize

Kincl¹,

Formánek²,

Vopravil³

et al. 2022

Soil & Water Res.

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“…Causation between SAS in the respective variants (with or without WA) and the contents of Ca 2+ and Na + ions in the collected soil samples was not demonstrated. This is rather interesting as there are studies (Emerson and Smith, 1970;Rengasamy and Marchuk, 2011;Bronick and Lal, 2005) which confirm the negative effect of the presence of Na + on SAS due to the effect of monovalent 520 cations of sodium (Na) or potassium (K) as these may induce development of dispersion and clay swelling, which results in soil structure degradation (Rengasamy et al, 2016). According to Smiles (2006), K + can be considered as an Na + equivalent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This may happen when the density of stand to which it is applied is low and plant stems and leaves do not perfectly cover the soil surface. Thus, stand density not only affects the direct contact between the soil aggregates and the spray mixture but also the soil resilience to erosion (Brant et al, 2017;Kervroëdan at al., 2018) https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2021-91 Preprint. Discussion started: 10 September 2021 c Author(s) 2021.…”

Section: Introduction 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential effect of wetting agents added to agricultural sprays on the stability of soil aggregates

Kintl¹,

Vlček²,

Brtnický

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The presented research deals with the issue of the potential effect of adjuvants/wetting agents (WA) added to the spray mixture for stability of soil aggregates (SAS) in agricultural soil. Nine localities were chosen in the Czech Republic. Each locality was mapped using soil pits (depth min. 1.4 m). A total of 54 mixed samples were collected from the topsoil horizon in the selected localities. The samples were exposed to the action of four different types of wetting agents (organosilicone wetting agent; methyl ester of rapeseed oil; mixture of methyl ester palmitic and oleic acids; Isodecyl alcohol ethoxylate). SAS was determined before and after the addition of WA. Average values of SAS across the sampling point exhibited a demonstrable trend: the SAS value of control sample (without WA application) was at all times higher than in samples with the addition of WA (organosilicone wetting agent; mixture of methyl ester palmitic and oleic acids; Isodecyl alcohol ethoxylate), on average by more than 15 %. If the measured SAS values are compared in terms of overall means, it is obvious that the control variant always exhibited the highest SAS value (44.04 %) and the variants with the application of WA showed always SAS values lower by min. 16 %. All soil samples were also analysed for basic soil parameters (glomalin, Cox, pH, Na, P, Ca, K, Mg) in order to determine their potential influence on SAS and a possible elimination of the negative impact of WA. In this respect, only a significant influence of Cox content on SAS was recorded, which positively correlated with SAS.

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“…Subsequent root size quantification was performed based on the presence of size calibration points in the background. The principle of image creation of the root system was based on the methodology of infra-red photography (Brant et al 2017). The workflow is illustrated in Figure 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of root system of hop plants in hop gardens with regular rows cultivation

Brant¹,

Krofta²,

Kroulík³

et al. 2020

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Spatial distribution of the root system of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) in the soil profile is a less explored issue. However, it is known that it can play an important role in the development of new tillage technologies, fertilisation and irrigation, including the use of precision farming principles. In the period from 2015 to 2018, the distribution of the hop root system was evaluated on twelve hop plants of five Czech hop cultivars. The age of the plants ranged from 3 to 15 years. The evaluation took place in the Saaz region at regularly cultivated hop gardens. As part of the evaluation, the root systems of hop plants were removed from the soil profile and subsequently spatially reconstructed. With the help of infrared image analysis, the root intensity in the soil profile and the morphology of the root systems were determined. The root depth of the plants ranged from 1 m to 2.25 m. The lateral width of the hop root system ranged from 0.6 m to 1.5 m. As a result of the rows cultivation, the lateral development of the roots in the upper soil layers was limited. The results were confirmed using the infrared image analysis method to specify the distribution of the root system and the root density of hop plants in the soil profile.

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Effect of row width on splash erosion and throughfall in silage maize crops

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Soil-conservation effect of intercrops in silage maize

Soil-conservation effect of intercrops in silage maize

Potential effect of wetting agents added to agricultural sprays on the stability of soil aggregates

Distribution of root system of hop plants in hop gardens with regular rows cultivation

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