Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles and/or Bee Venom against STZ-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Nephropathy

Abstract

The main purpose of our study was to examine the role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and/or bee venom (BV) in ameliorating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and nephropathy (DN) at the biochemical, histopathological and molecular levels. Fifty male albino rats were used in this experiment, divided into five groups: control, Streptozocin (STZ) diabetic, STZ-diabetic treated with SeNPs, STZ-diabetic treated with BV, and STZ-diabetic treated with SeNPs and BV. Biochemically, STZ injection resulted in a significant increase in serum glucose, BUN, creatinine, CRP, CK-MB, AST, LDH and cardiac troponins with a significant decrease in the serum insulin and albumin concentrations. Histopathologically, STZ injection resulted in diabetes, as revealed by glomerulonephritis, perivascular hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltrations and fibrosis, with widening of interstitial spaces of cardiomyocytes, loss of muscle cells continuity and some hyaline degeneration. At the molecular levels, the expression levels of miRNA 328, miRNA-21, TGFβ1, TGFβ1R, JAK1, STST-3, SMAD-1 and NFκβ genes were significantly up-regulated, whereas the expression levels of SMAD-7 were significantly down-regulated. It is concluded that SeNPs and/or BV administration ameliorates the deleterious effects resulting from STZ administration through improving the biochemical, histopathological and molecular effects, suggesting their protective role against the long-term diabetic complications of DCM and DN.

Application of nanotechnology in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: current status and future perspectives

“…Bee venom (BV) has also been reported to have hypoglycemic effects. BV combined with SeNPs can reduce blood glucose, serum BUN, creatinine and C-reactive protein in STZ-induced DN rats and increase serum albumin concentrations [96].…”

“…Bee venom (BV) has also been reported to have hypoglycemic effects. BV combined with SeNPs can reduce blood glucose, serum BUN, creatinine and C-reactive protein in STZ-induced DN rats and increase serum albumin concentrations [ 96 ]. In addition, the combination of rutin and SeNPs can upregulate Nrf-2/HO-1 and downregulate the JAK-2/STAT3 pathway, thereby controlling oxidative damage, inhibiting the increase in IL-6 and TNF-α, and playing a role in renal protection in STZ-induced DN [ 97 ].…”

Nanotherapeutics for the Myocardium: A Potential Alternative for Treating Cardiac Diseases

“…11 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have shown remarkable protection against the streptozotocin-induced diabetic complications of DCM in rats. 12 Furthermore, SeNPs alleviate hyperlipidemia and reduce the formation of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E null (ApoE 2/2 ) mice aorta. 13 Interestingly, the inert iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can be modified with biomolecules such as nucleic acid and protein to make them biologically active.…”

“…The potential peroxidase-like properties of these IONPs alone make them promising candidates as cardioprotective nanoparticles. 12,14 IONPs comprising biocompatible silk sericin nanocomposite hydrogel have been found to reduce doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro 15 . On the contrary, theronostically used superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) induce oxidative stress 16 in the myocardium, leading to inflammation and ferroptosis.…”

“…Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have shown remarkable protection against the streptozotocin-induced diabetic complications of DCM in rats. 12 Furthermore, SeNPs alleviate hyperlipidemia and reduce the formation of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E null (ApoE −/− ) mice aorta. 13…”