The main purpose of our study was to examine the role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and/or bee venom (BV) in ameliorating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and nephropathy (DN) at the biochemical, histopathological and molecular levels. Fifty male albino rats were used in this experiment, divided into five groups: control, Streptozocin (STZ) diabetic, STZ-diabetic treated with SeNPs, STZ-diabetic treated with BV, and STZ-diabetic treated with SeNPs and BV. Biochemically, STZ injection resulted in a significant increase in serum glucose, BUN, creatinine, CRP, CK-MB, AST, LDH and cardiac troponins with a significant decrease in the serum insulin and albumin concentrations. Histopathologically, STZ injection resulted in diabetes, as revealed by glomerulonephritis, perivascular hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltrations and fibrosis, with widening of interstitial spaces of cardiomyocytes, loss of muscle cells continuity and some hyaline degeneration. At the molecular levels, the expression levels of miRNA 328, miRNA-21, TGFβ1, TGFβ1R, JAK1, STST-3, SMAD-1 and NFκβ genes were significantly up-regulated, whereas the expression levels of SMAD-7 were significantly down-regulated. It is concluded that SeNPs and/or BV administration ameliorates the deleterious effects resulting from STZ administration through improving the biochemical, histopathological and molecular effects, suggesting their protective role against the long-term diabetic complications of DCM and DN.

Background: The extensive use of nanoparticles in our life especially zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in cosmetics, sun blockers, paints and food additives draw our attention toward their hepatotoxicity and the protective role of Qurecitin (QE). Objective: the present study aimed to investigate the hepatotoxic effect of ZnONPs and the protective role of Qurecitin against it. Results: I/P injection of ZnONPs in a dose of 200 and 400 mg/ kg b.wt resulted in a significant increase in the serum levels of ALT, ALT and ALP with a significant increase in the hepatic MDA levels and decrease in non-enzymatic (GSH) and Enzymatic (GPx, GR, SOD and CAT) activities and their mRNA levels. Meanwhile, the cotreatment of ZnONPs with QE ameliorate the hepatic condition through decreasing the liver enzymes and MDA with increase in the antioxidant levels and their gene expression. Conclusion: Taken together it can be concluded that QE has an ameliorative effect against ZnONPs hepatotoxicity.