Effect of short-term waterlogging on growth, yield and nutrient composition of wheat in alkaline soils

In Cuba the 40,3 % of cultivated lands is located in poorly drained soils, with tendency to increase, compounded by the effects of current climate change, which in this region of Cuba are becoming with more frequency in extreme climatic events such as droughts and floods. The research was developed with the objective of determining the influence of flooding in a Vertisol soil in three phisycal properties in the Cauto River Valley, of the Granma province, Cuba. It was considered the presence or absence of flooding as the principal factor on large plots, each one divided into 30 plots of 48 m 2 , to facilitate take the replicate samples. Two samplings, one at the beginning of the experiment and the other five months later, when the soil flooded concluded. The average of the bulk density, total porosity and aeration porosity values with their standard errors were plotted by bars, while statistically discriminated with the use of the Student t test. It is concluded that prolongated water excess in the soil increased bulk density and makes it significantly decreases the total aeration and porosity, which affects physical fertility of these soils and a decrease of the sugarcane yield, the principal crop in Cuba yet. KEYWORDS:Flooding, soil, physical properties. ALTERACIONES PROVOCADAS EN TRES PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE UN SUELO VERTISOL POR EFECTO DE LAS INUNDACIONES EN LA REGIÓN ORIENTAL DE CUBA, CULTIVADO CON CAÑA DE AZÚCAR (Saccharum spp.) RESUMENSe parte del hecho de que en Cuba el 40,3% del área agrícola cultivada se ubica en suelos de mal drenaje, con tendencia al incremento, agravado por los efectos del cambio climático actual, donde en esta región de Cuba son cada vez más frecuentes los eventos climatológicos extremos como sequías e inundaciones. El trabajo se desarrolló con el objetivo de determinar la influencia que ejerce el sobrehumedecimiento del suelo en tres propiedades físicas de un suelo Vertisol del Valle del Río Cauto en la provincia de Granma, Cuba, en el cual se cultiva caña de azúcar. Se consideró el factor presencia-ausencia de sobrehumedecimiento en parcelas grandes, subdividido en 30 parcelas de 48 m 2 , para facilitar la toma de muestras replicadas. Se realizaron dos muestreos, uno al inicio del experimento y el otro a los cinco meses, una vez concluido el sobrehumedecimiento. Los valores promedio de la densidad aparente, porosidad total y porosidad de aireación con sus errores estándar se representaron gráficamente por medio de barras, mientras que se discriminaron estadísticamente con el empleo de la prueba t de student. Se llegó a la conclusión de que el exceso de agua en el suelo incrementa la densidad aparente y hace descender significativamente la porosidad total y de aireación, lo que afecta la fertilidad física de estos suelos, lo que provoca un descenso en los rendimientos agroindustriales de la caña de azúcar, principal cultivo económico en Cuba. Palabras claves: Sobrehumedecimiento, suelo, propiedades físicas.

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“…In this situation ground water is too high that it does not allow convenient agricultural activities (Sharma and Swarup, 1988). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISTURBANCES CAUSED BY FLOODS IN THREE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A VERTISOL SOIL IN THE EAST REGION OF CUBA, CULTIVATED WITH SUGARCANE (Saccharum spp.)

Rodríguez

Enríquez

Escalona

et al. 2016

HOLOS

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“…With the exception of rice, cereal crops are adversely affected by soil waterlogging (Cannell et al . 1984; Sharma & Swarup 1989; Pardales, Kono & Yamauchi 1991; Thomson et al . 1992; Lizaso & Ritchie 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarity and diversity in adventitious root anatomy as related to root aeration among a range of wetland and dryland grass species

McDonald

Galwey

Colmer

2002

Plant Cell & Environment

166

131

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Assessments of the anatomy, porosity and profiles of radial O 2 loss from adventitious roots of 10 species in the Poaceae (from four subfamilies) and two species in the Cyperaceae identified a combination of features characteristic of species that inhabit wetland environments. These include a strong barrier to radial O 2 loss in the basal regions of the adventitious roots and extensive aerenchyma formation when grown not only in stagnant but also in aerated nutrient solution. Adventitious root porosity was greater for plants grown in stagnant compared with aerated solution, for all 10 species in the Poaceae. The 'wetland root' archetype was best developed in Oryza sativa and the two species of the Cyperaceae, in which the stele contributed less than 5% of the root cross-sectional area, the cells of the inner cortex were packed in a cuboidal arrangement, and aerenchyma was up to 35-52%. Variations of this root structure, in which the proportional and absolute area of stele was greater, with hexagonal arrangements of cells in the inner cortex and varying in the extent of aerenchyma formation, were present in the other wetland species from the subfamilies Pooideae, Panicoideae and Arundinoideae. Of particular interest were Vetiveria zizanoides and V. filipes , wetland grass species from the tribe Andropogoneae (the same tribe as sorghum, maize and sugarcane), that had a variant of the root anatomy found in rice. The results are promising with regard to enhancing these traits in waterlogging intolerant crops.

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“…A delaying effect of waterlogging on ear emergence has already been reported (Sharma and Swarup, 1989), but the difference in phenology between genotypes tolerant or intolerant of Al, Mn, and Fe toxicities under waterlogging (Tab. 3) has not been noticed.…”

Section: Waterlogging Tolerance Of Fe-tolerant Vs Feintolerant Genotypementioning

confidence: 77%

Aluminum, manganese, and iron tolerance improves performance of wheat genotypes in waterlogged acidic soils

Khabaz‐Saberi

Rengel

2010

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Waterlogging results in high shoot concentrations of iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and manganese (Mn) in wheat grown in acidic soil. The verification of this observation in several acidic soils, development of screening techniques, and identification of genotypes differing in tolerance made it possible to test whether tolerance of ion toxicities improves performance of wheat in waterlogged acid soils. Six wheat varieties selected for tolerance/intolerance of Al, Mn, and Fe were grown in three acidic soils (pH CaCl2 4.1-4.3) with or without waterlogging for 40 d. In terms of relative shoot dry weight, Al-, Mn-, and Fe-tolerant genotypes tolerated waterlogging better, outperforming intolerant genotypes by 35%, 53%, and 32%, respectively, across the soils. The Al-tolerant genotype had up to 1.8-fold better root growth than the intolerant genotype under waterlogging. Waterlogging increased DTPA-extractable soil Mn (71%) and Fe (89%), and increased shoot Fe (up to 7.6-fold) and Al (up to 5.9-fold) for different genotypes and soils. The Al-tolerant genotype maintained lower tissue concentrations of Al as compared to intolerant genotypes during waterlogging. Waterlogging delayed crop development but distinctly less so in the tolerant than in the intolerant genotypes, thus jeopardizing the capacity of intolerant genotypes to produce yield in Mediterranean climates with dry finish of the season. Pyramiding multiple ion tolerances into current wheat varieties with desirable agronomic and quality characteristics to enhance their performance under waterlogged acid soils should be considered.

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Effect of short-term waterlogging on growth, yield and nutrient composition of wheat in alkaline soils

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

DISTURBANCES CAUSED BY FLOODS IN THREE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A VERTISOL SOIL IN THE EAST REGION OF CUBA, CULTIVATED WITH SUGARCANE (Saccharum spp.)

DISTURBANCES CAUSED BY FLOODS IN THREE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A VERTISOL SOIL IN THE EAST REGION OF CUBA, CULTIVATED WITH SUGARCANE (Saccharum spp.)

Similarity and diversity in adventitious root anatomy as related to root aeration among a range of wetland and dryland grass species

Aluminum, manganese, and iron tolerance improves performance of wheat genotypes in waterlogged acidic soils

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