Effect of Sialor in treatment of xerostomia in Sjögren's syndrome

Epstein, Joel B.; DeCoteau, William E.; Wilkinson, Anne

doi:10.1016/0030-4220(83)90096-8

Cited by 51 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Anetholetritione (ANTT), another chemical sialogogue, has been shown to alleviate the symptoms of xerostomia and increase the secretion of saliva in patients with Sjögren's syndrome [15]. In addition, a synergistic effect of ANTT and pilocarpine has been found in nine patients with xerostomia [14].…”

Section: Sialogoguesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Radiation-induced xerostomia: pathophysiology, clinical course and supportive treatment

Guchelaar

Vermes

1997

Supportive Care in Cancer

152

105

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Xerostomia, or oral dryness, is one of the most common complaints experienced by patients who have had radiotherapy of the oral cavity and neck region. The hallmarks of radiation-induced damage are acinar atrophy and chronic inflammation of the salivary glands. The early response, resulting in atrophy of the secretory cells without inflammation might be due to radiation-induced apoptosis. In contrast, the late response with inflammation could be a result of radiation-induced necrosis. The subjective complaint of a dry mouth appears to be poorly correlated with objective findings of salivary gland dysfunction. Xerostomia, with secondary symptoms of increased dental caries, difficulty in chewing, swallowing and speaking, and an increased incidence of oral candidiasis, can have a significant effect on the quality of life. At present there is no causal treatment for radiation-induced xerostomia. Temporary symptomatic relief can be offered by moistening agents and saliva substitutes, and is the only option for patients without residual salivary function. In patients with residual salivary function, oral administration of pilocarpine 5-10 mg three times a day is effective in increasing salivary flow and improving the symptoms of xerostomia, and this therapy should be considered as the treatment of choice. Effectiveness of sialogogue treatment requires residual salivary function, which emphasizes the potential benefit from sparing normal tissue during irradiation. The hypothesis concerning the existence of early apoptotic and late necrotic effects of irradiation on the salivary glands theoretically offers a way of achieving this goal.

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Section: Sialogoguesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Radiation-induced xerostomia: pathophysiology, clinical course and supportive treatment

Guchelaar

Vermes

1997

Supportive Care in Cancer

152

105

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“…Among these dithiolethiones, 4-methyl-5-pyrazinyl-3 H -1,2-dithiole-3-thione (oltipraz) was developed for the treatment of schistosomiasis and 5-(4-methyoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (ADT) was used to stimulate salivation (Bella et al , 1982; Epstein et al , 1983). Since the first demonstration that administration of oltipraz and ADT to mice protected against the hepatotoxicities of acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride with a concomitant increase in levels for GSH and GST (Ansher et al , 1983), protective effects of dithiolethiones have been observed in multiple animal studies (Kensler et al , 1985; Wattenberg and Bueding, 1986; Kensler et al , 1999).…”

Section: Cancer Chemoprevention and Phase 2 Detoxifying Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting NRF2 signaling for cancer chemoprevention

Kwak

Kensler

2010

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

268

214

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Modulation of the metabolism and disposition of carcinogens through induction of cytoprotective enzymes is one of several promising strategies to prevent cancer. Chemopreventive efficacies of inducers such as dithiolethiones and sulforaphane have been extensively studied in animals as well as in humans. The KEAP1-NRF2 system is a key, but not unilateral, molecular target for these chemopreventive agents. The transcription factor NRF2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) is a master regulator of the expression of a subset of genes, which produce proteins responsible for the detoxication of electrophiles and reactive oxygen species as well as the removal or repair of some of their damage products. It is believed that chemopreventive enzyme inducers affect the interaction between KEAP1 and NRF2 through either mediating conformational changes of the KEAP1 protein or activating phosphorylation cascades targeting the KEAP1-NRF2 complex. These events in turn affect NRF2 stability and trafficking. Recent advances elucidating the underlying structural biology of KEAP1-NRF2 signaling and identification of the gene clusters under the transcriptional control of NRF2 are facilitating understanding of the potential pleiotropic effects of NRF2 activators and discovery of novel classes of potent chemopreventive agents such as the triterpenoids. Although there is, appropriately a concern regarding a deleterious role of the KEAP1-NRF2 system in cancer cell biology, especially as the pathway affects cell survival and drug resistance, the development and the use of NRF2 activators as chemopreventive agents still holds a great promise for protection of normal cells from a diversity of environmental stresses that contribute to the burden of cancer and other chronic, degenerative diseases.

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“…The exact mechanism of action of this drug is still unknown, but it has been reported to induce less side effects than pilocarpine 61. In Sjögren patients a beneficial effect on oral dryness has been reported by 25 mg anethole trithione, three times per day 62. A combination of pilocarpine and anethole trithione showed a synergistic effect on salivary secretion 63.…”

Section: Stimulation Of the Residual Capacity Of The Salivary Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of oral dryness related complaints (xerostomia) in Sjogren's syndrome

Reijden

Vissink

Veerman

et al. 1999

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterised by a chronic, progressive loss of salivary and lacrimal function resulting in symptoms of oral and ocular dryness. The involvement of exocrine glands is the result of a focal, periductal mononuclear cell infiltrate and the subsequent loss of secretory epithelial cells.1 As a consequence, major changes occur in both the salivary flow rate and salivary composition. 2-9

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Effect of Sialor in treatment of xerostomia in Sjögren's syndrome

Cited by 51 publications

References 4 publications

Radiation-induced xerostomia: pathophysiology, clinical course and supportive treatment

Radiation-induced xerostomia: pathophysiology, clinical course and supportive treatment

Targeting NRF2 signaling for cancer chemoprevention

Treatment of oral dryness related complaints (xerostomia) in Sjogren's syndrome

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