Effect of side chain variation on surface and biological properties of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) multilayers

Cagli, Eda; Ugur, Esma; Ulusan, Sinem; Banerjee, Sreeparna; Erel-Göktepe, Irem

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.02.031

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The z-stacked images of rhodamine-loaded capsules, as obtained via CLSM investigation, showed the formation of a clearly distinctive polymer shell around the GG core (Figure f). The estimated thickness for the P n PrOx/TA wall is quite high compared to earlier reports on other templates, − most likely caused by the Pickering-like deposition of the collapsed P n PrOx globules at T > T CP followed by hydrogen bonding with TA . Notably, there was no capsule formation either in DI water or in a P n PrOx solution maintained at T ≤ 25 °C, due to the absence of Pickering-type of stabilization as below its T CP the P n PrOx is present as individual solvated chains (Supporting Information Figures S1–S3).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Tannic Acid-Stabilized Self-Degrading Temperature-Sensitive Poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline)/Gellan Gum Capsules for Lipase Delivery

Sharma

Paramasivam

Vergaelen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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In recent years, stable hydrogen-bonded stimuli-responsive polymer capsules have been receiving great interest for the encapsulation and release of sensitive molecules such as lipase enzymes. Compartmental capsules having a liquid gel core stabilized with temperature-responsive hydrogen-bonded multilayers are advantageous over other conventional systems because of their ability to maintain hydrophilic lipase and other hydrophobic compounds in compatible protected molecular vehicle environments and prolong their native properties, e.g., in the body. In this work, we report a methodology to stabilize an aqueous liquid gellan gum (GG) core in a capsule using neutral and nontoxic building blocks, namely, poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline) (PnPrOx) and tannic acid (TA), to fabricate temperature-responsive capsules, comprising both lipase and hydrophobic oil droplets. The capsules were fabricated by adding GG droplets to a PnPrOx suspension at a temperature (T) higher than its cloud point temperature (T CP). Notably, the formed capsules were not stable in water without TA stabilization via hydrogen bonding. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations of the GG/building block interphase revealed that the collapsed PnPrOx globules that are present above the T CP stabilized the GG interphase as a Pickering emulsion, while undergoing a configurational transformation into its linear form by interacting with TA in the next step of capsule formation resulting in a smooth PnPrOx/TA capsule wall. The encapsulation efficiencies of the capsules for model fluorescent molecules were found to be 52, 54, and 24% for FITC-dextran, rhodamine, and Nile red, respectively. The stability experiments exhibited swelling and shell thinning at certain locations followed by complete rupture of the capsules at 37 °C, while the capsules were stable for several weeks at temperatures below the T CP of PnPrOx. The capsules were found to be stable in stimulated gastric fluid (SGF) for several hours at 37 °C while successfully releasing the encapsulated lipase and Nile red (model hydrophobic compound) in stimulated intestinal fluid (SIF). The released lipase was found to retain almost 100% of its activity. The reported capsules have high potential for use as carriers for encapsulation and release of a variety of payloads ranging from proteins and vitamin supplements to enzymes and probiotics through the oral route of administration.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Tannic Acid-Stabilized Self-Degrading Temperature-Sensitive Poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline)/Gellan Gum Capsules for Lipase Delivery

Sharma

Paramasivam

Vergaelen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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“…Lind et al 35 immobilized poly(2-oxazoline)s onto an azide-modified surface by "click" reaction. Additionally, surface-initiated polymerization, 36 photo-immobilization, 37 and self-assembled monolayers 38 have also been applied to construct poly(2-oxazoline)sfunctionalized surfaces. Among those methods, solvent evaporation and surface termination are relatively simple and practical.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive Poly(2-propyl-2-oxazoline) Surfaces of Glass for Nonenzymatic Cell Harvesting

Wang

Ren

Bernaerts

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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As one of the nonenzymatic cell-harvesting technologies, a thermal-responsive surface based on poly(2-oxazoline)s has achieved initial success in supporting the adhesion and thermal-induced detachment of animal cells. However, because of the laborious preparation procedure, this technique was only limited to research purposes. In this work, through using poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) as the anchor layer, poly(2-propyl-2-oxazoline)s (PPOx) were grafted onto glass wafers through a facile two-step coating and annealing procedure for nonenzymatic cell harvesting. In the first step, the piranha solution-activated glass wafers were immersed into the chloroform solution of PGMA and then annealed for a given period of time to immobilize PGMA onto the glass wafers through the bonding between epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups. In the second step, the PGMA-coated glass wafers were further immersed into the chloroform solution of carboxyl-functionalized PPOx. After annealing, PPOx were immobilized onto the PGMA layer through the bonding between carboxyl groups and the residual epoxy groups. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ellipsometry were used to characterize the modified glass wafers. The results of cytocompatibility evaluation showed that the PPOx-coated glass wafers were almost nontoxic and were able to support the adhesion and proliferation of L929 cells well. By lowering the temperature to 8 °C, L929 and Vero cells were successfully detached from the PPOx-coated glass wafers without any enzymatic treatment. Further cultivation has demonstrated that the cooling procedure had little effect on cell viability, and the cells still retained good viability after harvesting.

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“…The effect of ionic strength and pH on the stability of the hydrogen-bonding system based on TA and neutral polymer has also been studied. 21 Hoogenboom et al extensively investigated the potential and stability of (PMeOx), (PEtOx), and (PPropOx) for HB-LbL self-assembly with TA. 22−24 It was reported that PPropOx/TA multilayers were stable in the pH range of 2−9.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pH stability of the PEtOx/TA multilayers was thoroughly studied and reported by Demirel et al They studied the restructuring of PEtOx/TA multilayers into fibers and showed that disintegration of multilayers happened only above pH 8.5. The effect of ionic strength and pH on the stability of the hydrogen-bonding system based on TA and neutral polymer has also been studied . Hoogenboom et al extensively investigated the potential and stability of (PMeOx), (PEtOx), and (PPropOx) for HB-LbL self-assembly with TA. − It was reported that PPropOx/TA multilayers were stable in the pH range of 2–9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer-by-Layer Assembled Hydrogen-Bonded Multilayer Poly(2-oxazoline) Membranes for Aqueous Separations

Joseph

Mees

Vergaelen

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Preparation of multilayer films using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique via hydrogen bonding has recently gained increasing research interest and has potential in diverse areas of research, especially in the biomedical field. However, the scope of these hydrogen-bonded multilayer films in separation science is quasi-unexplored. In this work, ultrathin multilayer membranes were prepared by the LbL deposition of tannic acid (TA) and poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s via hydrogen-bonding (HB) and hydrophobic interactions. The potential of these membranes in aqueous filtrations was demonstrated as they show high retention (>95%) for both positively (malachite green oxalate) (MGO) and negatively charged (Rose Bengal) (RB) dyes and even 95% retention for the much smaller and neutral micropollutant bisphenol A (BPA) (228 g/mol). Nanofiltration (NF) performances of three variants of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline), namely, poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMEOx), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx), and poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline) (PPropOx), were compared revealing an increase in retention and decrease in permeance with increasing hydrophobicity of the poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s. Even though the reported HB multilayer membranes appear to be promising candidates for aqueous filtrations, their permeance is currently still about an order of magnitude too low for real-life applications due to the formation of rather dense hydrogen-bonded layers.

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Effect of side chain variation on surface and biological properties of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) multilayers

Cited by 18 publications

References 53 publications

Tannic Acid-Stabilized Self-Degrading Temperature-Sensitive Poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline)/Gellan Gum Capsules for Lipase Delivery

Tannic Acid-Stabilized Self-Degrading Temperature-Sensitive Poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline)/Gellan Gum Capsules for Lipase Delivery

Thermoresponsive Poly(2-propyl-2-oxazoline) Surfaces of Glass for Nonenzymatic Cell Harvesting

Layer-by-Layer Assembled Hydrogen-Bonded Multilayer Poly(2-oxazoline) Membranes for Aqueous Separations

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