Effect of silymarin on sodium fluoride-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in rat cardiac tissues

Nabavi, Seyed M.; Nabavi, Seyed Fazel; Moghaddam, Akbar Hajizadeh; Setzer, William N.; Mirzaei, Morteza

doi:10.1590/s0001-37652012005000056

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It was well known that toxic levels of fluoride exposure over a long period of time can adversely cause skeletal and tooth fluorosis induced by oxidative stress of osteoblasts and osteoclasts343536. It also can lead to some adverse effects on a number of physiological functions, for example, thyroid dysfunction37, nephrotoxicity3538, cardiometabolic risk3940, neurodevelopmental disorder in juvenile stage384142 and even male reproductive endocrine disruption78.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of IL-17 Pathways in Immune Privilege: A RNA Deep Sequencing Analysis of the Mice Testis Exposure to Fluoride

Huo

Han

Sun

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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We sequenced RNA transcripts from the testicles of healthy male mice, divided into a control group with distilled water and two experimental groups with 50 and 100 mg/l NaF in drinking water for 56 days. Bowtie/Tophat were used to align 50-bp paired-end reads into transcripts, Cufflinks to measure the relative abundance of each transcript and IPA to analyze RNA-Sequencing data. In the 100 mg/l NaF-treated group, four pathways related to IL-17, TGF-β and other cellular growth factor pathways were overexpressed. The mRNA expression of IL-17RA, IL-17RC, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, MAP2K3 and MAPKAPK2, monitored by qRT-PCR, increased remarkably in the 100 mg/L NaF group and coincided with the result of RNA-Sequencing. Fluoride exposure could disrupt spermatogenesis and testicles in male mice by influencing many signaling pathways and genes, which work on the immune signal transduction and cellular metabolism. The high expression of the IL-17 signal pathway was a response to the invasion of the testicular immune system due to extracellular fluoride. The PI3-kinase/AKT, MAPKs and the cytokines in TGF-β family were contributed to control the IL-17 pathway activation and maintain the immune privilege and spermatogenesis. All the findings provided new ideas for further molecular researches of fluorosis on the reproduction and immune response mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of IL-17 Pathways in Immune Privilege: A RNA Deep Sequencing Analysis of the Mice Testis Exposure to Fluoride

Huo

Han

Sun

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…The protective effects of similar doses of SM/silybin on the antioxidant systems of the body are also shown in pyrogallol toxicity [ 125 , 126 , 127 ], bleomicyn-injected mice [ 128 ], acrolein toxicity in mice [ 129 ], diethylnitrosamine-induced oxidative stress in rat liver [ 130 ], sodium fluoride [ 131 ] and sodium nitrite [ 132 ] toxicity.…”

Section: Antioxidant Properties Of Silymarin (Sm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems likely that the use of SM before or soon after a toxic insult is more protective than in chronic liver disease [ 133 ]. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have also shown an anticancer protective effect of SM and silibinin in various in vitro and in vivo model systems and they were comprehensively reviewed [ 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 ]. However, because of limitation of space in this review they will not be included in the analysis.…”

Section: Antioxidant Properties Of Silymarin (Sm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin as a Natural Antioxidant: An Overview of the Current Evidence and Perspectives

2015

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Silymarin (SM), an extract from the Silybum marianum (milk thistle) plant containing various flavonolignans (with silybin being the major one), has received a tremendous amount of attention over the last decade as a herbal remedy for liver treatment. In many cases, the antioxidant properties of SM are considered to be responsible for its protective actions. Possible antioxidant mechanisms of SM are evaluated in this review. (1) Direct scavenging free radicals and chelating free Fe and Cu are mainly effective in the gut. (2) Preventing free radical formation by inhibiting specific ROS-producing enzymes, or improving an integrity of mitochondria in stress conditions, are of great importance. (3) Maintaining an optimal redox balance in the cell by activating a range of antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants, mainly via Nrf2 activation is probably the main driving force of antioxidant (AO) action of SM. (4) Decreasing inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathways is an emerging mechanism of SM protective effects in liver toxicity and various liver diseases. (5) Activating vitagenes, responsible for synthesis of protective molecules, including heat shock proteins (HSPs), thioredoxin and sirtuins and providing additional protection in stress conditions deserves more attention. (6) Affecting the microenvironment of the gut, including SM-bacteria interactions, awaits future investigations. (7) In animal nutrition and disease prevention strategy, SM alone, or in combination with other hepatho-active compounds (carnitine, betaine, vitamin B12, etc.), might have similar hepatoprotective effects as described in human nutrition.

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“…Its beneficial effects have been attributed to its free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative (proapoptotic) activities, which represents the "functional triad" that is responsible for antagonizing the oxidative stress, thus preventing the organ damage. Silymarin has also been shown to have appetite stimulating effects 15,16 . Silymarin has been effective in many drug-induced pulmonary and hepatic damage 17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin Ameliorates Radiation Sickness and Weight Loss: An Experimental Study on Rodents

2017

J LIAQUAT UNI MED HEALTH SCI

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INTRODUCTION: Ionizing radiation exposure may induce radiation sickness with critical weight loss. However, Silymarin administration showed to mitigate radiation induced weight loss and organ damage. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Histo-morphological changes in irradiated lungs, changes in body and absolute lung weight with protective effect of Silymarin. METHODOLGY: This animal study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, JPMC, Karachi during 1 st August 2015 to 31 st December 2015 after getting the approval from the Ethical Committee of BMSI, JPMC, Karachi. Fifty healthy adult male Wistar albino rats, divided into control group A, irradiated alone Group B and irradiated + Silymarin Group C were used. Group B and C were further divided into subgroups B1, B2 and C1, C2. Group B1 and C1, B2 and C2 received 13Gy and 6Gy x 3f radiation respectively. Group C1 and C2 received Silymarin (70 mg/kg) orally additionally for 30 days. RESULTS: Effect of Silymarin was assessed according to body weight and absolute weight of the lung. Statistical analysis of data of Group B showed significant decrease in body weight (P<0.01) as compared with Group A, and a significant increase (P<0.01) in the absolute weight of the lung compared to group A. Silymarin showed attenuating effect on weight loss (P<0.01) and on lung weight (P<0.01) in group C as compared with group B. CONCLUSION: Silymarin ameliorated radiation induced lung toxicity and improved weight loss. The protective effect may be contributed to Silymarins anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

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Effect of silymarin on sodium fluoride-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in rat cardiac tissues

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Role of IL-17 Pathways in Immune Privilege: A RNA Deep Sequencing Analysis of the Mice Testis Exposure to Fluoride

Role of IL-17 Pathways in Immune Privilege: A RNA Deep Sequencing Analysis of the Mice Testis Exposure to Fluoride

Silymarin as a Natural Antioxidant: An Overview of the Current Evidence and Perspectives

Silymarin Ameliorates Radiation Sickness and Weight Loss: An Experimental Study on Rodents

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