“…38, 39 40 Previous studies suggest central pain processing, distinct from peripheral nociceptive input, may be responsible for mediating the effects anxiety has on pain perception. 41,42 For example, patients with chronic low back pain who had previously been exposed to a psychologically traumatic event reported higher anxiety, greater use of pain medications, and demonstrated hyperalgesia to deep pain modalities in both that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen have no effect on HP perception, 51 but the effects gabapentinoids (ie, pregabalin, gabapentin), 52-54 tricyclic antidepressants (ie, desipramine), 55 and local anesthetics (topical lidocaine, oral mexiletine) are mixed. 56,57 In conclusion, the findings of this study extend the use of a standardized method for assessing HP in a sample of community-dwellings adults with chronic pain.…”