Effect of Smartphone Use on Static and Dynamic Postural Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Orhan, Emre; Altın, Büşra; Aksoy, Songül

doi:10.1044/2021_aja-20-00210

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both turning and smartphone use during walking are common in human life, and reduced turning coordination could lead to an increased risk of falling [ 8 , 56 ]. Smartphone use has already been associated with poorer balance and gait [ 35 - 37 ], but no study to date investigated the effect of smartphone use on turning behavior. Moreover, advanced age as well as several neurologic conditions are known to be associated with an increased risk of falling, and smartphone usage during turning might be particularly critical for specific groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All groups turned en bloc while performing a cognitive task on a smartphone irrespective of age and neurologic condition. Although the direct effect of smartphone use on tuning has not been explored to date, reports investigating the influence of smartphone on straight walking and balance showed a reduction in gait speed [ 35 , 36 , 57 ], and altered dynamic and static balance [ 37 ]. This was linked to the cognitive load of smartphone use but also to the need to reduce and smoothen head movements to maintain gaze fixation onto the screen [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, no study to date has investigated the effect of smartphone use on turning behavior. This is a ubiquitous condition in everyday life, and in the last decade, some evidence has shown a detrimental effect of smartphone use on straight walking and balance [ 34 - 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Turning When Using Smartphone in Persons With and Those Without Neurologic Conditions: Observational Study

Bianchini¹,

Warmerdam²,

Romijnders³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Turning during walking is a relevant and common everyday movement and it depends on a correct top-down intersegmental coordination. This could be reduced in several conditions (en bloc turning), and an altered turning kinematics has been linked to increased risk of falls. Smartphone use has been associated with poorer balance and gait; however, its effect on turning-while-walking has not been investigated yet. This study explores turning intersegmental coordination during smartphone use in different age groups and neurologic conditions. Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of smartphone use on turning behavior in healthy individuals of different ages and those with various neurological diseases. Methods Younger (aged 18-60 years) and older (aged >60 years) healthy individuals and those with Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, subacute stroke (<4 weeks), or lower-back pain performed turning-while-walking alone (single task [ST]) and while performing 2 different cognitive tasks of increasing complexity (dual task [DT]). The mobility task consisted of walking up and down a 5-m walkway at self-selected speed, thus including 180° turns. Cognitive tasks consisted of a simple reaction time test (simple DT [SDT]) and a numerical Stroop test (complex DT [CDT]). General (turn duration and the number of steps while turning), segmental (peak angular velocity), and intersegmental turning parameters (intersegmental turning onset latency and maximum intersegmental angle) were extracted for head, sternum, and pelvis using a motion capture system and a turning detection algorithm. Results In total, 121 participants were enrolled. All participants, irrespective of age and neurologic disease, showed a reduced intersegmental turning onset latency and a reduced maximum intersegmental angle of both pelvis and sternum relative to head, thus indicating an en bloc turning behavior when using a smartphone. With regard to change from the ST to turning when using a smartphone, participants with Parkinson disease reduced their peak angular velocity the most, which was significantly different from lower-back pain relative to the head (P<.01). Participants with stroke showed en bloc turning already without smartphone use. Conclusions Smartphone use during turning-while-walking may lead to en bloc turning and thus increase fall risk across age and neurologic disease groups. This behavior is probably particularly dangerous for those groups with the most pronounced changes in turning parameters during smartphone use and the highest fall risk, such as individuals with Parkinson disease. Moreover, the experimental paradigm presented here might be useful in differentiating individuals with lower-back pain without and those with early or prodromal Parkinson disease. In individuals with subacute stroke, en bloc turning could represent a compensative strategy to overcome the newly occurring mobility deficit. Considering the ubiquitous smartphone use in daily life, this study should stimulate future studies in the area of fall risk and neurological and orthopedic diseases. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00022998; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00022998

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Turning When Using Smartphone in Persons With and Those Without Neurologic Conditions: Observational Study

Bianchini¹,

Warmerdam²,

Romijnders³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Does Smart Phone Usage in Young Adults Have an Effect on Static and Dynamic Balance?

Özdemir,

Dönmez,

Zeren

et al. 2024

HUSBFD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of talking and note-taking on a smartphone on static and dynamic balance. Materials and Methods: In the study, healthy young adults (n=36) were asked to maintain postural balance while standing on static and dynamic platforms in different tasks: (Task I) without using a smartphone, (Task II) while taking notes on a smartphone, and (Task III) while talking on a smartphone. Center of pressure (CoP) on mediolateral (CoPx) and anteroposterior (CoPy), CoP path length, CoParea, and trunk deviation length were used to measure static and dynamic postural balance. Results: On a static platform, CoPy and CoParea were different between the tasks (p<0.001, p=0.017). Task II and Task III impaired CoPy more than the task I (p<0.001, p=0.004). Task III affected CoParea more negatively than task II (p=0.027). CoP path length was lower in task II and task III (p<0.001). CoP path length was significantly higher in task III compared to task II (p<0.001). On a dynamic platform, there were differences in CoPy between the tasks (p=0.038). There was a difference in CoPy between task II and task III (p=0.005). The CoParea was significantly different between the tasks (p=0.023). CoParea and CoP path length was higher in task II compared to task I (p=0.035, p<0.001). Conclusion: The study showed that smartphone use during specific tasks, including talking and/or note-taking on a smartphone, could increase the risk of falls and accidents by affecting center of pressure and postural sway.

show abstract

Turning when using a smartphone in persons with and without neurologic conditions: an observational study (Preprint)

Bianchini¹,

Warmerdam²,

Romijnders³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Turning during walking is a relevant and common everyday movement and it depends on a correct top-down intersegmental coordination. This could be reduced in several conditions (en-bloc turning), and an altered turning kinematics has been linked to increased risk of falls. Smartphone use has been associated with poorer balance and gait, however its effect on turning-while-walking have not been investigated yet. This study explored turning intersegmental coordination when using a smartphone in different age groups and neurologic conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of smartphone use on turning behavior in healthy participants of different ages and patients with various neurological diseases. METHODS Younger (age 18-60 years) and older (age >60 years) healthy participants and patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis, subacute stroke (<4 weeks, SAS) and lower-back pain (LBP) performed turning-while-walking alone (single-task, ST) and while performing two different cognitive tasks of increasing complexity (dual-task, DT). The mobility task consisted of walking up and down a 5-meter walkway at self-selected speed, thus including 180° turns. Cognitive tasks consisted of a simple reaction time test (simple DT, SDT) and a numerical Stroop test (complex DT, CDT). General (turn duration and number of steps while turning), segmental (peak angular velocity) and intersegmental turning parameters (intersegmental turning onset latency and maximum intersegmental angle) were extracted for head, sternum and pelvis using a motion capture system and a turning detection algorithm. RESULTS One hundred twenty-one participants were enrolled. All participants, irrespective of age and neurologic disease, showed a reduced intersegmental turning onset latency and a reduced maximum intersegmental angle of both pelvis and sternum relative to head, thus indicating an en-bloc turning behavior when using a smartphone. Concerning change from ST to turning when using a smartphone, PD patients reduced their peak angular velocity the most, which was significantly different against LBP for head (P<.01). Stroke patients showed an en-bloc turning already without smartphone use. CONCLUSIONS Smartphone use during turning-while-walking may lead to en-bloc turning and thus increase fall risk across age and neurologic disease groups. This behavior is probably particularly dangerous for those groups with most pronounced changes of turning parameters during smartphone use and highest fall risk, such as PD patients. Moreover, the experimental paradigm presented here might be useful in differentiating LBP patients without and with early/prodromal PD. In SAS patients, en-bloc turning could represent a compensative strategy to overcome the newly occurring mobility deficit. Considering the ubiquitous smartphone use in daily life, this study should stimulate future studies in the area of fall risk and neurological as well as orthopedic diseases. CLINICALTRIAL German Clinical Trials Register (https://www.drks.de/drks_web/) DRKS00022998.

show abstract

Effect of Smartphone Use on Static and Dynamic Postural Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Turning When Using Smartphone in Persons With and Those Without Neurologic Conditions: Observational Study

Turning When Using Smartphone in Persons With and Those Without Neurologic Conditions: Observational Study

Does Smart Phone Usage in Young Adults Have an Effect on Static and Dynamic Balance?

Turning when using a smartphone in persons with and without neurologic conditions: an observational study (Preprint)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About